Building BIOS Architecture

The Building BIOS shall use a layered architecture to separate physical interaction, configuration logic, security, services, and external integration.

The architectural layers are:

Physical Infrastructure Layer BIOS hardware, controllers, networks, power supplies, local storage, sensors, and physical communication media.

Trusted Platform Layer Hardware identity, secure boot, cryptographic operations, integrity verification, protected credentials, and recovery authority.

Hardware and Cartridge Abstraction Layer Normalized representation of different manufacturers’ components and physical devices.

Interface Abstraction Layer Representation of physical, structural, electrical, fluid, thermal, digital, human, robotic, and safety Interfaces.

BIOS Core Layer Identity, configuration, state, event, policy, service management, time, context, persistence, and coordination.

Building Service Layer Diagnostics, commissioning, health, resource availability, lifecycle support, and controlled operational services.

Integration Layer APIs and adapters connecting the BIOS to Digital Twins, AI, BMS, robotics, engineering tools, and approved external services.

Human Interaction Layer Local and remote interfaces for authorized viewing, configuration, maintenance, recovery, and emergency access.

A higher layer shall not bypass the permissions and validation rules of a lower foundational layer.

Hardware-specific behavior shall be isolated within the abstraction layer so that replacement of a controller or manufacturer-specific driver does not require redesign of the complete BIOS.

Safety-critical local controls may operate parallel to the general BIOS layers where independence is required. Their status and configuration shall still be represented within the BIOS when technically possible.