{"schema":"ARCHE.document.v1","generatedFrom":"Imported source document","humanReviewRequired":true,"document":{"volumeId":10,"officialTitle":"Robotics Architecture","sourceDocumentId":"S05-CON-011","sourceTitle":"CHAPTER 11 — SYSTEM05 ROBOTICS, AUTOMATION & MACHINE INTERACTION ARCHITECTURE","version":"v0.1","status":"Draft","sha256":"da3666be407675ae2117ee5add8bc1a5b26b60a712a30997ed5ed92775e0bf61","wordCount":18983,"paragraphCount":2503,"sections":[{"id":"section-1","number":"1","title":"Document opening","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00001","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"CHAPTER 11 — SYSTEM05 ROBOTICS, AUTOMATION & MACHINE INTERACTION ARCHITECTURE","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-2","number":"2","title":"PART I — Foundations, Scope & Constitutional Principles","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00002","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"1. Purpose","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00003","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"This chapter establishes the constitutional architecture through which robots, automated equipment, machine tools, and future autonomous systems may interact with System05 buildings throughout their lifecycle.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00004","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The purpose is not to prescribe a single robot, manufacturer, construction method, or automation platform. It is to define the stable physical, digital, operational, and governance conditions that allow different robotic systems to work safely and interoperably with System05 Nodes, Cartridges, members, panels, utilities, tools, and building records.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00005","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"This architecture shall support robotic participation in:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00006","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manufacturing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00007","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component identification and handling.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00008","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Transportation and site logistics.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00009","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Positioning and alignment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00010","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Assembly and fastening.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00011","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection and quality control.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00012","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Commissioning.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00013","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building operation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00014","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintenance and repair.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00015","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component replacement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00016","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Deconstruction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00017","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Material separation and recovery.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00018","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall make buildings robot-ready before making them robot-dependent. Initial buildings shall remain constructible, inspectable, maintainable, and repairable by qualified humans using documented procedures and conventional tools.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00019","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic readiness shall be incorporated into geometry, interfaces, identities, tolerances, access requirements, assembly states, evidence structures, and lifecycle records from the beginning. This approach shall allow automation to be introduced gradually without requiring fundamental redesign of the building platform.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00020","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic speed, productivity, and autonomy shall remain subordinate to human safety, structural integrity, verified physical conditions, authorized engineering instructions, and applicable regulations.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-3","number":"3","title":"2. Robotics Philosophy","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00021","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"System05 treats robotics as an architectural consideration rather than an external technology added after a building or component has already been designed.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00022","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Traditional construction robots are often required to adapt to inconsistent geometry, inaccessible connections, variable materials, undocumented conditions, and processes developed exclusively for human labor. System05 shall reduce these barriers by designing the building, its components, and its information architecture for predictable machine interaction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00023","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The System05 Robotics Philosophy is based on the following propositions:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00024","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Buildings should expose stable and machine-recognizable interaction points.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00025","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Components should communicate their identity, orientation, handling requirements, and compatibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00026","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Interfaces should provide guided alignment, temporary capture, final locking, inspection access, and controlled release.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00027","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Robotic tasks should be defined through structured and verifiable work packages.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00028","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Physical completion should be established by evidence rather than assumed from command completion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00029","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Robots should execute authorized engineering instructions and should not independently redefine engineering requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00030","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Human installation and maintenance should remain possible when robots are unavailable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00031","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Robotic systems should reduce dangerous, repetitive, heavy, high-precision, and ergonomically difficult work.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00032","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Automation should be introduced only where it creates justified lifecycle value.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00033","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"The architecture should remain open to multiple robot, tool, sensor, and software providers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00034","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall not measure technological progress merely by the removal of people from construction. Progress shall be measured by improvements in safety, affordability, repeatability, quality, traceability, maintainability, accessibility, and lifecycle performance.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-4","number":"4","title":"3. Role of Robotics within System05","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00035","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotics constitutes one operational layer within the broader System05 engineering platform. It shall interact with the Physical Building Layer, Universal Interface Architecture, Building Definition Language, Engineering Compiler, Building BIOS, Digital Twin, identity registries, evidence systems, and human-governance mechanisms.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00036","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robots may perform physical tasks, collect evidence, operate tools, transport components, and communicate machine state. They shall not become the authoritative source of engineering requirements or approved building configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00037","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Building BIOS shall identify the approved configuration, component identities, Interface versions, protected parameters, and applicable lifecycle state. The Digital Twin shall represent observed, measured, inferred, historical, predicted, and simulated conditions. Robotic systems shall use this information within their authorized scope while independently verifying the physical conditions required for their tasks.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00038","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic systems may support:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00039","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Off-site manufacturing and fabrication.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00040","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Warehouse handling and kitting.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00041","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Site surveying and mapping.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00042","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Material delivery.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00043","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component placement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00044","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Node and Cartridge assembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00045","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fastening and connection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00046","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility installation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00047","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dimensional inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00048","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Construction-progress recording.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00049","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintenance and service.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00050","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hazardous-area inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00051","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled component removal.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00052","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Selective deconstruction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00053","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A robot shall not approve its own consequential work. Where engineering approval, inspection, commissioning, or regulatory acceptance is required, the applicable independent human or qualified system shall remain responsible.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00054","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotics shall extend the System05 principle of modularity. Robots, tools, end effectors, control systems, and automation services should remain replaceable implementations connected through stable, documented interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-5","number":"5","title":"4. Definition of a Robot-Ready Building","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00055","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A Robot-Ready Building is a building whose physical components, interfaces, information structures, assembly processes, access provisions, and lifecycle records have been designed to support safe and predictable robotic interaction without making robotic operation mandatory.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00056","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"A Robot-Ready Building should provide, where applicable:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00057","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Machine-readable component and assembly identities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00058","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stable coordinate systems and physical datums.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00059","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recognizable orientation features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00060","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Defined robotic access faces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00061","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approved approach and withdrawal directions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00062","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grasping, lifting, and handling features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00063","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload and center-of-mass information.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00064","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Coarse and fine alignment geometry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00065","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary capture mechanisms.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00066","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Machine-operable or machine-verifiable locks.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00067","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Accessible fastening and joining points.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00068","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reserved Tool Corridors and work envelopes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00069","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Defined intermediate assembly states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00070","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary support and bracing provisions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00071","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Machine-readable assembly and disassembly instructions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00072","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection checkpoints.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00073","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical state indicators.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00074","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safe-stop and recovery conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00075","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building BIOS and Digital Twin integration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00076","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-readable alternatives and manual procedures.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00077","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robot readiness shall be capability-specific. A building may be robot-ready for inspection and maintenance without being qualified for autonomous structural assembly. A component may support robotic handling while still requiring human fastening or verification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00078","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The existence of a marker, lifting point, digital model, or robotic access feature shall not by itself establish complete robot readiness. The relevant geometry, tolerances, instructions, safety controls, evidence requirements, authority boundaries, and recovery procedures shall also be defined.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00079","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robot readiness shall be declared through documented profiles and shall remain subject to verification.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-6","number":"6","title":"5. Scope of the Robotics Architecture","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00080","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The System05 Robotics Architecture applies to the interaction among:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00081","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Buildings and construction sites.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00082","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Nodes and Cartridges.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00083","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Structural members.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00084","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Panels and enclosures.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00085","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility modules.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00086","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sensors and Smart Modules.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00087","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Construction materials.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00088","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robots and mobile platforms.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00089","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cranes and automated lifting systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00090","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"End effectors and tools.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00091","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary supports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00092","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic controllers and programmable logic controllers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00093","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human operators and supervisors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00094","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building BIOS records.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00095","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Digital Twins.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00096","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"BDL models.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00097","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Engineering Compiler outputs.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00098","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Identity and certification registries.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00099","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection and execution evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00100","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The architecture covers manufacturing, logistics, assembly, inspection, operation, maintenance, repair, replacement, deconstruction, and material recovery.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00101","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"It addresses:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00102","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical compatibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00103","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Machine perception.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00104","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Localization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00105","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Handling.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00106","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alignment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00107","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Assembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00108","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool access.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00109","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Task execution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00110","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00111","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Command and control.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00112","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cybersecurity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00113","ordinal":34,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Interoperability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00114","ordinal":35,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00115","ordinal":36,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Governance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00116","ordinal":37,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lifecycle evolution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00117","ordinal":38,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"This chapter does not certify a specific robot, authorize unrestricted autonomous construction, replace professional engineering responsibility, or establish legal approval for robotic deployment in any jurisdiction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00118","ordinal":39,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Detailed robot products, end-effector designs, control algorithms, and project-specific procedures may vary, provided they comply with the applicable System05 Interfaces, safety requirements, authority rules, and verification methods.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-7","number":"7","title":"6. Robotics Architecture Objectives","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00119","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The System05 Robotics Architecture shall pursue the following objectives:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00120","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Enable progressive automation without requiring immediate robotic deployment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00121","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Improve worker and occupant safety.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00122","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reduce heavy, repetitive, hazardous, and ergonomically harmful tasks.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00123","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Improve assembly precision and repeatability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00124","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reduce installation errors and rework.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00125","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Support objective verification of physical work.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00126","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Preserve compatibility across robot and tool manufacturers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00127","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Support human, assisted, collaborative, and automated workflows.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00128","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Maintain manual fallback where required.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00129","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reduce robotic perception and planning complexity through standardized building features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00130","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Support controlled assembly and disassembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00131","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Preserve structural stability during intermediate states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00132","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Enable inspection, maintenance, repair, and replacement throughout the building lifecycle.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00133","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Support regional manufacturing and different automation levels.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00134","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Prevent proprietary robotic lock-in.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00135","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Protect the authority of qualified engineers, inspectors, operators, and regulators.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00136","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintain traceability from instruction to physical outcome.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00137","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Support affordable adoption through modular and reusable robotic capabilities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00138","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Allow future robotic generations to interact with long-lived physical Nodes and Interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00139","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Ensure that loss of a robot, network, model, or automation provider does not make the building unusable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00140","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The architecture shall favor passive physical intelligence—such as self-aligning geometry, mechanical keying, capture features, and visible state indication—where these methods can reduce software complexity and failure risk.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00141","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Automation shall be justified by lifecycle value rather than novelty alone.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-8","number":"8","title":"7. Human-Led Initial Implementation","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00142","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Initial System05 construction and operation shall remain human-led. Early System05 buildings shall not require autonomous robots for design, manufacturing, assembly, inspection, commissioning, maintenance, or repair.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00143","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"The initial implementation should prioritize:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00144","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot-compatible component geometry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00145","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human- and machine-readable identities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00146","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stable datums.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00147","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Accessible connections.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00148","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Guided alignment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00149","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary capture.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00150","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Simplified fastening.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00151","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Clear physical state indication.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00152","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reserved Tool Corridors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00153","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Machine-readable documentation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00154","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safe manual assembly and disassembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00155","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Compatibility with conventional lifting and construction equipment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00156","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"These features shall benefit human installers even when no robot is present. Self-alignment, reduced part variety, clear orientation, captive fasteners, accessible locks, and rapid verification can improve both manual and robotic construction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00157","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Early robotic deployment may focus on bounded applications such as:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00158","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Factory handling.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00159","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Repetitive fabrication.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00160","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dimensional inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00161","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Warehouse logistics.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00162","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Heavy lifting assistance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00163","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Site scanning.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00164","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cartridge placement assistance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00165","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Visual inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00166","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintenance access in hazardous locations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00167","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Human personnel shall retain the ability to supervise, interrupt, inspect, correct, and complete relevant tasks. Required training, personal protective equipment, temporary supports, conventional safety systems, and professional approvals shall remain applicable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00168","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Human-led implementation shall not permit the future robotic pathway to be obstructed through inaccessible geometry, undocumented deviations, or permanent closure of required access volumes.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-9","number":"9","title":"8. Future Robotic Evolution","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00169","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall support gradual robotic evolution through controlled, capability-specific stages.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00170","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A possible progression may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00171","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manual construction using robot-ready components.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00172","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human construction supported by digital instructions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00173","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mechanically assisted lifting and positioning.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00174","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic material handling under direct supervision.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00175","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Collaborative robotic placement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00176","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Automated alignment and fastening within controlled workcells.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00177","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic inspection and evidence collection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00178","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Bounded robotic maintenance and component replacement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00179","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Coordinated multi-robot construction in qualified environments.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00180","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Higher-autonomy lifecycle operations within certified limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00181","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Advancement from one stage to another shall require evidence appropriate to the increased capability, authority, environmental complexity, and consequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00182","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Future robotic evolution shall not require replacement of the primary structural platform whenever practical. Stable Nodes, Interface geometries, datum systems, access provisions, and digital identities should support new generations of robots, tools, sensors, and control software.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00183","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Each new robotic capability shall define:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00184","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Intended tasks.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00185","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required building features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00186","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Operational Design Domain.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00187","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot Capability Manifest.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00188","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required tools and end effectors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00189","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authority limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00190","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety Envelope.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00191","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-supervision requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00192","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verification evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00193","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Failure and recovery behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00194","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Compatibility requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00195","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Qualification and certification status.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00196","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Experimental capability shall remain distinguishable from qualified operational capability. Future readiness shall not be represented as present authorization.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-10","number":"10","title":"9. Automation, Autonomy and Intelligence","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00197","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall distinguish among automation, autonomy, and intelligence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00198","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Automation is the execution of a predefined process according to specified inputs, conditions, rules, and sequences.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00199","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Autonomy is the ability of a system to select or adapt actions within a defined scope without requiring human approval for every individual step.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00200","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Intelligence is the ability to interpret information, recognize conditions, generate plans, resolve bounded problems, or make recommendations. Intelligence does not itself establish authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00201","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A system may be highly automated without being highly autonomous. A robot may perform a precise sequence while every important decision remains predefined and human-approved. Conversely, a planning system may exhibit advanced intelligence while having no authority to execute physical actions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00202","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall independently define:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00203","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"What the robot can physically perform.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00204","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"What the robot can perceive.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00205","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"What the robot can plan.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00206","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"What actions the robot is permitted to execute.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00207","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Under which conditions execution is allowed.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00208","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Which actions require human approval.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00209","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Which actions are prohibited.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00210","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"When the robot must stop or escalate.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00211","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"How outcomes are verified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00212","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"No robot shall infer authority merely from technical capability. Increased intelligence shall not automatically produce increased autonomy, and increased autonomy shall not eliminate accountability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00213","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Deterministic controls, mechanical limits, safety-rated systems, and independent protective devices shall remain responsible for essential safety functions where required.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-11","number":"11","title":"10. Robot Capability versus Robot Authority","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00214","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot Capability describes what a robotic system is technically able and qualified to do. Robot Authority describes what that system is permitted to do in a particular building, project, location, time, and operational state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00215","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capability may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00216","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload capacity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00217","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reach.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00218","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mobility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00219","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Positioning accuracy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00220","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool compatibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00221","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Perception functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00222","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Environmental resistance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00223","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication protocols.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00224","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Task classes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00225","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Certified safety functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00226","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authority may be limited by:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00227","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Assigned role.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00228","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Project approval.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00229","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work zone.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00230","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Time window.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00231","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00232","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component class.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00233","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool assignment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00234","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Consequence level.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00235","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human supervision.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00236","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permit or regulatory condition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00237","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety Envelope.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00238","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Active certification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00239","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Current task authorization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00240","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A robot capable of lifting a structural component shall not lift it unless the component, route, support condition, work zone, tool, personnel exclusion, and task authorization have been verified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00241","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Authority shall be explicit, machine-readable, time-bounded where appropriate, and revocable. It shall follow the principle of least privilege.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00242","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A robot shall not:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00243","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Expand its own authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00244","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Assign itself new tasks outside its approved scope.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00245","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"bypass approval gates.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00246","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Treat access to a tool as permission to use it.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00247","ordinal":34,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Treat a generated plan as an approved instruction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00248","ordinal":35,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approve its own consequential work.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00249","ordinal":36,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Continue after its authority has expired or become uncertain.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00250","ordinal":37,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"When capability and authority conflict, the more restrictive condition shall govern.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-12","number":"12","title":"11. Risk and Consequence Classification","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00251","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every robotic task shall be classified according to its hazards, potential consequences, reversibility, observability, environmental conditions, and required authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00252","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Risk assessment shall consider:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00253","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human presence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00254","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Occupancy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00255","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00256","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stored energy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00257","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot speed and force.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00258","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Structural significance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00259","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility hazards.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00260","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool hazards.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00261","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fire and life-safety implications.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00262","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Environmental conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00263","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Failure detectability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00264","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Ability to stop safely.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00265","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Ability to reverse the action.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00266","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dependence on perception or localization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00267","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Uncertainty in the physical state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00268","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Possibility of cascading failure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00269","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A reference consequence classification may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00270","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"R0 — Simulation or Informational Activity: No direct physical action.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00271","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"R1 — Low-Consequence Reversible Activity: Easily stopped, observed, and reversed.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00272","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"R2 — Controlled Handling or Service Activity: Physical interaction with limited local consequences.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00273","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"R3 — Significant Assembly or Utility Activity: Potential structural, equipment, or service consequences requiring formal controls.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00274","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"R4 — High-Consequence or Life-Safety-Relevant Activity: Failure could cause serious injury, major structural damage, fire, flooding, or loss of essential service.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00275","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"R5 — Catastrophic or System-Level Activity: Failure could produce multiple fatalities, progressive collapse, uncontrolled hazardous release, or widespread infrastructure consequences.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00276","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Higher-consequence tasks shall require stronger evidence, more independent protection, stricter authority, greater supervision, more extensive testing, and more conservative failure behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00277","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A task shall be reclassified when conditions change. A normally low-risk task may become high-risk in an occupied building, near energized utilities, during unstable construction, or under uncertain localization.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-13","number":"13","title":"12. Robotics across the Building Lifecycle","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00278","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robot readiness shall extend across the complete building lifecycle rather than focusing only on initial assembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00279","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"During design and engineering, System05 shall define:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00280","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic access.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00281","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Datums.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00282","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"handling features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00283","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Assembly 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preparation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00290","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fabrication.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00291","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Machining.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00292","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Finishing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00293","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dimensional inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00294","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Identity 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unloading.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00319","ordinal":42,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility isolation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00320","ordinal":43,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lock release.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00321","ordinal":44,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cartridge removal.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00322","ordinal":45,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Material identification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00323","ordinal":46,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component sorting.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00324","ordinal":47,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reuse assessment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00325","ordinal":48,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Waste separation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00326","ordinal":49,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Assembly access shall not unnecessarily prevent later inspection or removal. Lifecycle robotic requirements shall be considered when finishes, panels, utilities, and protective systems are installed.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-14","number":"14","title":"13. Physical–Digital Integration","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00327","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every consequential robotic operation shall maintain traceability between approved digital instructions and verified physical conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00328","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Building BIOS shall provide the authoritative approved configuration. The Digital Twin shall represent the building’s observed, measured, inferred, historical, predicted, and simulated state. The BDL shall define the structured building representation, and the Engineering Compiler may generate validated robotic work packages from approved inputs.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00329","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"A robotic task should establish a traceable chain:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00330","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approved building configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00331","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authorized work package.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00332","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verified robot and tool identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00333","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verified component identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00334","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verified physical preconditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00335","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Executed command sequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00336","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recorded robot and tool response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00337","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical outcome evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00338","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Independent or required verification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00339","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building BIOS and Digital Twin reconciliation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00340","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Digital instructions shall not override incompatible physical evidence. If the Digital Twin predicts a clear path but the robot detects an obstruction, the robot shall stop or replan only within its authorized limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00341","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Completion of a command sequence shall not establish completion of the physical task. Physical completion may require:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00342","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verified position.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00343","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Confirmed lock state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00344","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fastener evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00345","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility test results.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00346","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dimensional inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00347","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stability confirmation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00348","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Agreement among independent evidence sources.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00349","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Digital records may describe, authorize, and record physical reality, but they shall not create physical reality through assertion.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-15","number":"15","title":"14. Vendor Neutrality and Open Robotic Ecosystem","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00350","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall support an open, competitive, and vendor-neutral robotic ecosystem.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00351","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Compatibility shall not depend unnecessarily on:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00352","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A single robot manufacturer.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00353","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A proprietary controller.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00354","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A specific end effector.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00355","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A closed machine-vision platform.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00356","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A single AI provider.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00357","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A mandatory cloud service.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00358","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"An inaccessible data format.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00359","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Undocumented privileged interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00360","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"System05 robotic specifications should define observable requirements such 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developers should be able to produce compatible:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00374","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robots.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00375","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grippers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00376","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lifting tools.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00377","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fastening tools.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00378","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00379","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Adapters.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00380","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controllers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00381","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Planning software.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00382","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Simulation environments.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00383","ordinal":34,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintenance robots.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00384","ordinal":35,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Owners shall retain access to authoritative building data and shall be able to replace a robotic provider without losing essential configuration, identity, inspection, maintenance, or execution records.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00385","ordinal":36,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Proprietary innovation may exist behind documented interfaces. Vendor neutrality does not require every implementation to be open source; it requires that essential interoperability not depend on concealed or exclusive control.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-16","number":"16","title":"15. Foundational Robotics Principles","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00386","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"All System05 robotic architectures, specifications, products, and deployments shall comply with the following foundational principles:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00387","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robot-Ready Before Robot-Dependent Buildings shall support future robotics without requiring robots for essential construction or operation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00388","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Human Safety Before Productivity Robotic speed and output shall never take priority over human safety.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00389","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Interface Before Implementation Robotic interaction requirements shall be defined before robot-specific solutions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00390","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Physical State Before Digital Completion A task shall not be declared complete without appropriate physical evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00391","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capability Does Not Create Authority A robot may execute only actions within its explicit permission.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00392","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"No Self-Approval A robot shall not independently approve its own consequential work.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00393","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Stable Building, Replaceable Robot Long-lived building Interfaces shall outlast individual robot and software generations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00394","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Human and Machine Compatibility Robot-ready components shall remain usable through qualified human procedures.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00395","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Passive Safety and Passive Intelligence Geometry, keying, capture, stops, and physical indicators should reduce reliance on software.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00396","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Progressive Automation Automation shall be introduced capability by capability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00397","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safe Intermediate States Every assembly sequence shall account for temporary structural conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00398","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Controlled Release A robot shall not release a component before capture and stability are verified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00399","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Recoverability Robotic tasks shall provide safe pause, retreat, support, inspection, and recovery pathways.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00400","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Open Interoperability Robotic compatibility shall not depend unnecessarily on one vendor.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00401","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Traceable Execution Consequential actions shall be identifiable, authorized, recorded, and verifiable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00402","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Truthful Uncertainty Uncertain perception, localization, state, or compatibility shall be explicitly represented.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00403","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Lifecycle Access Robotic access shall support inspection, maintenance, replacement, and deconstruction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00404","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Independent Safety Protection Essential safety limits shall not depend solely on general-purpose AI or non-safety-rated software.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00405","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Manual Fallback Essential building functions shall remain available when robotic systems are unavailable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00406","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Controlled Evolution New robotic capabilities shall enter System05 through testing, governance, versioning, and qualification.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-17","number":"17","title":"PART II — Robot-Ready Physical Architecture","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00407","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"16. 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Wherever practical, physical geometry should guide the robot toward correct orientation, alignment, engagement, and locking.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00425","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Components shall be designed so that incorrect assembly is physically prevented, clearly detectable, or both. Machine interaction should proceed through distinct and observable states such as:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00426","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Identified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00427","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approached.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00428","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grasped.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00429","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lifted.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00430","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Coarsely aligned.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00431","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Finely aligned.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00432","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporarily captured.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00433","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Finally locked.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00434","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspected.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00435","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Released for load or service.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00436","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The architecture shall accommodate dimensional variation, surface condition, construction deflection, sensor uncertainty, and environmental effects. 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The applicable load path shall remain:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00457","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Member → Cartridge → Node → Cartridge → Member","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00458","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic interaction shall not weaken the constitutional requirement that the Node remain protected and that replaceable or sacrificial elements fail before unacceptable Node failure where applicable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00459","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Node geometry should enable a robot to determine:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00460","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Node identity and version.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00461","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Node type and orientation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00462","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Available Interface ports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00463","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Occupied and unoccupied ports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00464","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cartridge insertion direction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00465","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Current capture and lock state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00466","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required tool.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00467","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Allowed forces and torques.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00468","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00469","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary stability conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00470","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic features shall not obstruct human installation, inspection, emergency access, fire protection, or Smart Module replacement. Failure of the Smart Module or robotic sensing system shall not remove the Node’s essential structural function.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-19","number":"19","title":"18. Robotic Handling of Cartridges","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00471","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Cartridges shall be designed as replaceable integration elements capable of supporting predictable human and robotic handling.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00472","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"A Cartridge intended for robotic interaction should provide:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00473","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unique identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00474","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Type and version information.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00475","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Compatible Node and Interface profiles.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00476","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Defined orientation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00477","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mass and center-of-mass data.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00478","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approved grasping or lifting features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00479","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Protected handling surfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00480","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approach and insertion directions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00481","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alignment 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limitations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00488","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Cartridge’s standardized external envelope shall remain compatible with the applicable Node Interface while allowing internal design variation by material, manufacturer, region, and function.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00489","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"The handling process should distinguish among:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00490","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Storage state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00491","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Transport state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00492","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grasped state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00493","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pre-alignment state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00494","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Partial insertion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00495","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary capture.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00496","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Final engagement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00497","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verified service state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00498","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unloading state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00499","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Removal state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00500","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A robot shall not lift a Cartridge from an unapproved surface or apply force through a functional, sealed, coated, sensor-bearing, or fragile area unless that contact is explicitly permitted.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00501","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Cartridges shall support controlled removal without destructive access wherever replaceability is required. Removal procedures shall account for structural load, utility isolation, surrounding components, finish protection, temporary support, and Digital Twin reconciliation.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-20","number":"20","title":"19. Robot-Compatible Members and Panels","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00502","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"System05 members and panels should remain materially and geometrically simple while exposing standardized robotic interaction through their Interfaces and End Cartridges.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00503","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot-compatible members and panels may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00504","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Structural beams and columns.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00505","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Braces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00506","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Floor and roof elements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00507","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Wall panels.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00508","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Façade panels.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00509","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility panels.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00510","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Interior partitions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00511","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Service modules.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00512","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Protective covers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00513","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Their robotic requirements may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00514","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Defined lifting orientation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00515","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approved contact surfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00516","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stable identity placement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00517","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Datum references.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00518","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled edge geometry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00519","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"End-Cartridge compatibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00520","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Deflection limits during handling.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00521","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary-support points.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00522","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stacking and storage rules.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00523","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Damage-sensitive zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00524","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Installation and removal vectors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00525","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall preserve the principle of Dumb Components–Smart Interfaces where practical. Ordinary members may remain passive and locally manufacturable while intelligence, alignment, identity, inspection logic, and robotic compatibility are concentrated in standardized Interfaces and replaceable Cartridges.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00526","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Members manufactured from local materials may require regional handling profiles. Differences in weight, stiffness, moisture sensitivity, brittleness, surface condition, or dimensional stability shall be represented in the component data and robotic work package.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00527","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Panels shall not conceal required robotic access, locks, inspection points, or Tool Corridors unless a documented removal procedure or alternate access route is provided.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-21","number":"21","title":"20. Universal Robotic Interface","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00528","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Universal Robotic Interface shall define the common contract through which robotic systems interact with System05 components and assemblies.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00529","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"It shall not necessarily require one universal physical connector for every task. Instead, it shall define a consistent architecture of interface profiles that may accommodate different component sizes, loads, functions, tools, and environments.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00530","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A Universal Robotic Interface profile may define:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00531","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Interface identity and version.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00532","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical geometry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00533","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Coordinate system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00534","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Datum hierarchy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00535","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approach directions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00536","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Access face.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00537","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grasping or lifting class.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00538","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00539","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alignment sequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00540","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capture states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00541","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Locking method.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00542","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool class.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00543","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Power, data, or fluid services.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00544","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tolerances.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00545","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00546","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00547","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Error states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00548","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recovery procedures.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00549","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Disassembly sequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00550","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Interface shall clearly separate:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00551","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical fit.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00552","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Orientation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00553","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alignment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00554","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary capture.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00555","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Structural locking.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00556","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility engagement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00557","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Digital registration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00558","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00559","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Release for service.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00560","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Compatibility shall be testable independently of a particular robot. A compliant robot or tool should be able to interact with any compatible implementation of the same Interface profile within its declared operating conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00561","ordinal":34,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Interface evolution shall be version-controlled and backward-aware. Adapters may support legacy or regional implementations, but their limitations shall remain visible.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-22","number":"22","title":"21. Robotic Access Faces","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00562","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A Robotic Access Face is a defined physical region through which a robot may approach, observe, grasp, insert, fasten, inspect, unlock, or remove a component.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00563","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Each relevant access face should define:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00564","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Location and orientation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00565","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Coordinate reference.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00566","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permitted approach directions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00567","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Minimum clearance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00568","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool classes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00569","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Allowable contact areas.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00570","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Prohibited contact areas.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00571","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Visibility requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00572","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lighting or marker requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00573","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required work envelope.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00574","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Environmental limitations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00575","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-access requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00576","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Conditions under which access may be obstructed.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00577","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A component may have separate access faces for:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00578","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Handling.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00579","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Installation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00580","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fastening.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00581","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00582","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility connection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00583","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintenance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00584","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Removal.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00585","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"An access face shall not be treated merely as an exposed surface. It is a controlled interface zone with defined geometry, function, state, and access requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00586","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Finishes, insulation, fire protection, utilities, furniture, landscaping, or later alterations shall not obstruct a required access face unless an approved alternate method is provided.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00587","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where an access face is normally covered, the cover should be identifiable, removable, replaceable, and represented in the Building BIOS and Digital Twin. Access procedures shall protect occupants, finishes, environmental seals, and adjacent systems.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-23","number":"23","title":"22. Datums and Physical Reference Geometry","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00588","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall establish stable datum systems that allow humans, robots, manufacturing equipment, scanners, and inspection tools to interpret component position and orientation consistently.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00589","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A datum hierarchy may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00590","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Primary datum plane.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00591","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Secondary datum plane or axis.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00592","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tertiary datum point or feature.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00593","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component coordinate system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00594","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Interface coordinate system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00595","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Node coordinate system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00596","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Zone coordinate system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00597","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building coordinate system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00598","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Site coordinate system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00599","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Datums shall be connected to stable structural or Interface geometry. They shall not rely solely on removable finishes, flexible seals, temporary labels, irregular material edges, or replaceable covers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00600","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Datum definitions shall include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00601","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reference feature.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00602","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Coordinate orientation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00603","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Nominal location.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00604","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Applicable tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00605","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Measurement method.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00606","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Calibration requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00607","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Accessibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00608","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Expected lifecycle stability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00609","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permitted replacement or repair.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00610","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical datum features may include machined surfaces, locating holes, bosses, slots, pins, geometric targets, or protected measurement references.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00611","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The transformation between coordinate systems shall be documented and traceable. When measured conditions differ from nominal geometry, the applicable task shall use the verified physical transform rather than silently assuming the design position.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00612","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Damage, corrosion, coating buildup, deformation, or obstruction of a datum shall trigger inspection, alternate localization, or task suspension according to consequence.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-24","number":"24","title":"23. Fiducials and Machine-Readable Markers","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00613","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"System05 components may use fiducials and machine-readable markers to support identity, localization, orientation, measurement, and state verification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00614","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Markers may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00615","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"QR codes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00616","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Data Matrix codes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00617","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Barcodes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00618","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"RFID or NFC tags.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00619","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Optical fiducials.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00620","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reflective targets.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00621","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Geometric patterns.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00622","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Magnetic references.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00623","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Embedded electronic identifiers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00624","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-readable labels.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00625","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Marker architecture should provide redundancy appropriate to consequence. A robot should not depend on a single exposed visual label for a high-consequence task when damage, dirt, lighting, occlusion, or replacement could make that label unreliable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00626","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Markers shall be:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00627","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Uniquely associated with the applicable component or Interface.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00628","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Positioned relative to a defined datum.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00629","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Durable for the intended environment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00630","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Accessible during the required lifecycle stages.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00631","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Resistant to accidental duplication or substitution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00632","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Versioned where their interpretation may change.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00633","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Verifiable against an authoritative registry where required.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00634","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A marker may direct the robot to authoritative information, but the marker itself shall not be assumed to contain all current instructions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00635","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Loss or unreadability of a marker shall not automatically permit identity inference from appearance alone. Alternative identification and verification procedures shall be defined.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00636","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Markers used for safety-relevant authorization or configuration shall include appropriate authentication and tamper-detection controls.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-25","number":"25","title":"24. Grasping and Lifting Features","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00637","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Components intended for robotic handling shall provide approved grasping or lifting features appropriate to their mass, geometry, material, surface condition, and expected handling environment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00638","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Features may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00639","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Gripping surfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00640","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lifting eyes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00641","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Embedded anchors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00642","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fork pockets.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00643","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Vacuum-compatible surfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00644","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Magnetic lifting zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00645","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Clamp interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00646","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic handles.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00647","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary lifting Cartridges.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00648","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Standardized lifting adapters.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00649","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Each feature shall define:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00650","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Rated load.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00651","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permitted load direction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00652","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety factor.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00653","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Compatible tool class.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00654","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required engagement depth.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00655","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lock or retention method.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00656","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Wear and inspection limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00657","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Environmental restrictions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00658","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Prohibited uses.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00659","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Removal or concealment procedure where applicable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00660","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Grasping points shall be positioned to support stable handling and to control component rotation. They shall not transfer loads through fragile finishes, utility connectors, seals, sensors, or structurally unqualified surfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00661","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The robot shall verify grasp engagement before lifting. Verification may use:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00662","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mechanical lock state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00663","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Force response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00664","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Vacuum level.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00665","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Clamp displacement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00666","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Visual confirmation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00667","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Load-cell measurement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00668","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Redundant sensing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00669","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Temporary lifting accessories shall remain identifiable and traceable. Removal of lifting devices shall not leave unsafe openings, corrosion paths, unprotected penetrations, or false connection indicators.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-26","number":"26","title":"25. Payload and Center-of-Mass Information","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00670","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every robotically handled component shall provide reliable payload information appropriate to the task.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00671","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Relevant information may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00672","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Nominal mass.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00673","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maximum permitted mass.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00674","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mass uncertainty.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00675","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Center-of-mass location.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00676","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Center-of-mass tolerance region.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00677","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Principal orientation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00678","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Inertia information where required.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00679","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approved lifting orientation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00680","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permitted acceleration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00681","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maximum rotation rate.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00682","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Deflection during lifting.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00683","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dynamic load limitations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00684","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Effects of contained fluids or movable contents.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00685","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Payload information shall reflect the component’s actual lifecycle state. Packaging, moisture, temporary hardware, attached Cartridges, stored materials, ice, debris, or incomplete drainage may materially change mass or center of mass.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00686","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"For consequential lifts, the robot or lifting system should compare expected weight with measured load. A significant discrepancy shall trigger a stop, inspection, or revised plan.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00687","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The robotic work package shall verify that:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00688","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot payload capacity is sufficient.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00689","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"End-effector capacity is sufficient.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00690","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lifting features are qualified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00691","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The planned configuration remains stable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00692","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required safety margins are maintained throughout the trajectory.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00693","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Braking or power-loss conditions remain safe.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00694","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Payload data shall be linked to component identity and version. Generic values shall not replace component-specific information where variation could affect safety.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-27","number":"27","title":"26. 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Insertion and Removal Architecture","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00746","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 Interfaces shall define controlled insertion and removal pathways where components are intended to be installed, replaced, or upgraded.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00747","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The applicable specification shall identify:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00748","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Insertion direction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00749","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Withdrawal direction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00750","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required clearance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00751","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Orientation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00752","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maximum engagement force.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00753","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maximum withdrawal force.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00754","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Intermediate positions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00755","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alignment features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00756","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capture points.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00757","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Locking sequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00758","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility-disconnection sequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00759","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary support requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00760","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Obstruction limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00761","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection checkpoints.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00762","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Insertion shall not require uncontrolled impact, excessive force, or inaccessible correction. Unexpected resistance may indicate misalignment, obstruction, incompatible versions, deformation, contamination, or an active lock.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00763","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Removal shall account for:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00764","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Existing loads.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00765","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stored energy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00766","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Connected utilities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00767","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Adjacent components.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00768","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Seal adhesion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00769","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Corrosion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00770","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Finish interference.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00771","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary supports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00772","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Occupant protection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00773","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Material condition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00774","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A robot shall not initiate removal until the component has been unloaded and isolated as required. The release of a lock shall not automatically imply that the component is safe to withdraw.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00775","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where complete removal is not possible through the original insertion direction, the alternate lifecycle procedure shall be documented before installation.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-30","number":"30","title":"29. 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Where appropriate, locking and unlocking shall require different conditions, tools, permissions, or sequences.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00795","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lock verification may use:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00796","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical position.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00797","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mechanical indicator.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00798","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Continuity circuit.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00799","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Force or displacement signature.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00800","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Torque record.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00801","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Visual inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00802","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Smart Module input.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00803","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Redundant sensor evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00804","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Digital command acknowledgment shall not be treated as proof of mechanical locking.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00805","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unlocking shall require confirmation that structural loads, utilities, occupancy conditions, and temporary supports permit release. Emergency and manual release methods shall be defined where necessary.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-31","number":"31","title":"30. 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Reaching a target torque may not be sufficient when friction, contamination, damaged threads, material crushing, or incomplete seating can produce misleading results.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00831","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Joining processes shall define:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00832","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Surface preparation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00833","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Environmental limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00834","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Process parameters.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00835","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection method.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00836","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cure or cooling requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00837","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Release conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00838","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Repair method.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00839","ordinal":34,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Disassembly limitations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00840","ordinal":35,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Permanent joining shall not be used where lifecycle replacement is constitutionally required unless an approved replaceable subassembly or alternative service method is provided.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-32","number":"32","title":"31. 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testing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00875","ordinal":35,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authorize energization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00876","ordinal":36,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verify operational state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00877","ordinal":37,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Blind-mate connections may be used only where alignment, sealing, ratings, inspection, and failure behavior are appropriately controlled.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00878","ordinal":38,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A robot shall not disconnect a utility based solely on a general maintenance instruction. The applicable isolation, pressure release, lockout, occupancy, and service-continuity conditions shall be verified.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-33","number":"33","title":"32. 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Reach, payload, visibility, collision geometry, cable routing, control integration, and safe failure behavior shall also be evaluated.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00917","ordinal":39,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unidentified, expired, damaged, or uncalibrated tools shall not be used for consequential operations.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-34","number":"34","title":"33. 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The control system shall verify that the expected tool identity and configuration match the authorized work package.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00943","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Tool stations shall protect unused tools from impact, contamination, weather, unauthorized access, and accidental activation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00944","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Loss of power or communication shall not cause uncontrolled tool release. Manual recovery and emergency removal procedures shall be provided.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-35","number":"35","title":"34. Power, Data and Fluid Interfaces","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00945","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic systems may require temporary or permanent access to power, data, pneumatic, hydraulic, cooling, vacuum, or other services.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00946","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"These services shall use defined Interfaces specifying:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00947","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Service type.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00948","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Voltage, current, pressure, or flow.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00949","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Connector geometry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00950","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Keying.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00951","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Polarity or direction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00952","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication protocol.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00953","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Isolation method.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00954","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grounding.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00955","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Environmental protection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00956","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Contamination control.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00957","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Locking.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00958","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency disconnection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00959","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection and maintenance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00960","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robot service connections shall remain distinguishable from building utility connections. A maintenance robot shall not be able to connect accidentally to an incompatible building service.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00961","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where cables or hoses are used, routing shall account for:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00962","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Entanglement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00963","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Trip hazards.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00964","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Crushing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00965","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Bending limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00966","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Abrasion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00967","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fire exposure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00968","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool motion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00969","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human movement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00970","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency retreat.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00971","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Wireless communication may support coordination but shall not replace required local safety functions where communication loss could create unacceptable risk.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00972","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Temporary robotic services shall be removed or placed in a verified safe condition after completion. Connection and disconnection events shall be recorded when relevant to safety, maintenance, or resource use.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-36","number":"36","title":"35. Robotic Tolerance Architecture","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-00973","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic compatibility shall be based on an end-to-end tolerance architecture rather than isolated component dimensions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00974","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The tolerance budget may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00975","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manufacturing tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00976","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Assembly tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00977","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Node and Interface tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00978","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component deformation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00979","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Thermal movement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00980","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Moisture-related movement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00981","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Foundation settlement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00982","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot positioning accuracy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00983","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Localization uncertainty.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00984","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sensor accuracy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00985","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"End-effector compliance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00986","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool wear.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00987","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Calibration uncertainty.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00988","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary structural deflection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00989","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The architecture shall distinguish among:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00990","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Geometric clearance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00991","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alignment tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00992","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capture tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00993","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Locking tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00994","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Functional tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00995","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00996","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Removal tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00997","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Digital-model tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00998","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Interfaces should use coarse-to-fine alignment so that the robot is not required to provide all final precision directly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-00999","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Tolerance accumulation shall be evaluated across the complete load path and assembly sequence. A component that complies individually may still fail to assemble when combined variations exceed the Interface’s capture range.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01000","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robots shall not force nonconforming components into position unless a specifically approved correction process exists. Excessive force, unexpected displacement, or repeated failed insertion shall trigger inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01001","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Measured as-built deviations shall be recorded where they affect future robotic access, replacement, or Digital Twin accuracy.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-37","number":"37","title":"36. 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These ports shall remain distinguishable from permanent structural Interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01052","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The robot shall not remove or unload a temporary support until the required permanent components, locks, bracing, and verification evidence are complete.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01053","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where a robot provides temporary support through continuous holding, the task shall address:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01054","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot power loss.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01055","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Brake performance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01056","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controller failure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01057","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency stop.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01058","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Ground stability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01059","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication loss.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01060","ordinal":34,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human intervention.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01061","ordinal":35,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Transfer to an independent support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01062","ordinal":36,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"A robot should not serve as the sole temporary structural support unless specifically engineered, protected, monitored, and authorized for that role.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-39","number":"39","title":"38. 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Assembly sequences may temporarily lack:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01065","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Diaphragms.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01066","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Bracing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01067","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Continuity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01068","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Gravity support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01069","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lateral restraint.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01070","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Connection locking.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01071","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Foundation anchorage.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01072","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Load distribution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01073","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Weather protection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01074","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Each robotic work package shall identify:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01075","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Initial structural state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01076","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Components already installed.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01077","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Active temporary supports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01078","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permitted loads.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01079","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Wind and environmental limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01080","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required sequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01081","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Prohibited sequence changes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01082","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Conditions for robot or crane release.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01083","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection checkpoints.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01084","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safe interrupted state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01085","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recovery procedure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01086","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Engineering Compiler or another qualified deterministic system may evaluate sequence constraints and intermediate stability. A robot shall not independently change a structural assembly sequence beyond its authorized alternatives.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01087","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"If work is interrupted, the system shall determine whether the current condition may remain unattended, requires additional support, or requires controlled reversal.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01088","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Digital Twin shall record consequential intermediate states, but physical verification shall remain necessary before load transfer, support removal, or progression to the next critical stage.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-40","number":"40","title":"39. 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Inspection requirements shall be determined according to the event and component criticality.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01117","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Protective packaging and temporary surface protection shall remain identifiable and shall not obstruct required datums, markers, locks, or inspection points. Removal of protection shall be included in the work package where necessary.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-41","number":"41","title":"40. 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The robotic system shall identify the boundary between:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01130","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fully qualified System05 Interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01131","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Adapter-connected Interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01132","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Monitored-only legacy elements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01133","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-verified conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01134","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inferred conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01135","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unknown conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01136","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot-prohibited zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01137","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Adapters may provide:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01138","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mechanical compatibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01139","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Datum conversion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01140","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grasping features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01141","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool access.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01142","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Identity translation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01143","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility conversion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01144","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication conversion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01145","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary capture.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01146","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Legacy-component support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01147","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every adapter shall have its own identity, version, load rating, compatibility declaration, inspection requirements, and limitations. An adapter shall not conceal uncertainty or increase robot authority beyond the capability of the underlying legacy system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01148","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Legacy work may require additional surveying, scanning, probing, human inspection, temporary support, or reduced robot speed and force.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01149","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Partial robotic integration shall not establish that the entire building complies with System05 robotics requirements. Compliance claims shall identify the exact components, zones, Interfaces, tasks, and lifecycle states covered.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-42","number":"42","title":"PART III — Identity, Perception, Localization & Digital Representation","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01150","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic Identity and Registration Architecture","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01151","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot, Tool and End-Effector Identity","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01152","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component and Assembly Identity","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01153","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Task and Work-Package 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Recognition","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01160","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pose and Orientation Estimation","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01161","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Connection and Lock-State Detection","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01162","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sensor Fusion","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01163","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Confidence and Uncertainty Representation","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01164","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Occlusion and Dynamic-Site Conditions","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01165","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Calibration and Calibration 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Transportation","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01183","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Positioning and Alignment","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01184","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capture and Insertion","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01185","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Locking and Fastening","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01186","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Joining and Sealing Operations","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01187","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility Connection Operations","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01188","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic Inspection and Quality 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Withdrawal","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01195","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human Approval and Task Handover","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01196","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Multi-Robot Coordination","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01197","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fleet, Resource and Charging Management","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01198","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection, Maintenance and Service Robots","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01199","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic Deconstruction and Material Recovery","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-44","number":"44","title":"PART V — Robotic Safety & Human–Robot Collaboration","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01200","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"91. Robotic Safety Philosophy","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01201","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic safety within System05 shall be treated as a property of the complete cyber-physical construction system, not as a feature of the robot alone.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01202","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The safety architecture shall consider the combined behavior of:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01203","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The robot and mobile platform.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01204","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controllers and safety systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01205","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tools and end effectors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01206","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Components and payloads.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01207","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary supports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01208","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building geometry and structural state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01209","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utilities and stored energy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01210","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Workers, occupants, visitors, and emergency responders.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01211","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Software, communications, Digital Twin, Building BIOS, and work packages.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01212","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Weather and dynamic site conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01213","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Protection of human life, public safety, structural integrity, and controlled physical state shall take precedence over productivity, schedule, energy efficiency, equipment protection, or robotic autonomy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01214","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall apply a hierarchy of controls. Hazards should first be eliminated through component, Interface, task, and site design. Remaining risks should be reduced through physical guards, inherently safe mechanisms, safety-rated controls, sensing, restricted operating modes, procedures, training, and personal protective measures.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01215","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"No single sensor, AI model, cloud service, network connection, or human reaction shall be assumed to provide complete protection against a high-consequence hazard.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01216","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safety assumptions, limitations, residual risks, required human roles, and recovery procedures shall be explicitly documented. Absence of a detected hazard shall not be treated as proof that the operating condition is safe.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-45","number":"45","title":"92. System-Level Safety Architecture","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01217","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every consequential robotic deployment shall define a System-Level Safety Architecture covering equipment, tasks, work zones, temporary structural states, human interaction, utilities, communications, and failure recovery.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01218","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"The architecture should distinguish among:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01219","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inherently safe mechanical design.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01220","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Operational control functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01221","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Independent protective functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01222","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01223","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human supervision.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01224","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Administrative controls.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01225","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical inspection and acceptance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01226","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cybersecurity controls affecting physical safety.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01227","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safety-related functions shall be sufficiently independent from ordinary optimization and production systems. Failure of a planner, AI model, fleet coordinator, Digital Twin, or cloud service shall not disable the protective functions necessary to prevent injury or uncontrolled physical action.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01228","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The architecture shall identify:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01229","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety boundaries.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01230","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled entities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01231","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hazardous energy sources.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01232","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safe and unsafe states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01233","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required response times.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01234","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stopping and holding behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01235","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Redundancy and diagnostic coverage.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01236","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Common-mode failure risks.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01237","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authority for reset and restart.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01238","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required inspection and testing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01239","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Interfaces with site emergency procedures.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01240","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System-level validation shall evaluate the actual robot–tool–payload–site configuration. Certification of an individual robot or tool shall not automatically establish the safety of the integrated operation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01241","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Changes to payload, tooling, software, work-zone geometry, structural sequence, operating mode, or environmental condition shall be assessed for their effect on the safety architecture.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-46","number":"46","title":"93. Hazard and Risk Analysis","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01242","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Hazard and Risk Analysis shall be performed before authorization of consequential robotic work and updated when relevant conditions change.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01243","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The analysis shall consider the complete lifecycle:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01244","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Transportation and site entry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01245","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Installation and setup.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01246","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Calibration and testing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01247","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Normal execution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01248","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human–robot collaboration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01249","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pauses and temporary states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01250","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintenance and tool change.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01251","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fault recovery.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01252","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01253","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Deconstruction and removal.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01254","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hazards may include collision, impact, crushing, shearing, entanglement, dropped loads, structural instability, electrical exposure, utility release, fire, hazardous materials, cybersecurity compromise, incorrect identity, erroneous commands, loss of localization, and unauthorized human entry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01255","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Risk evaluation shall consider severity, exposure, likelihood, detectability, ability to avoid harm, uncertainty, and the effectiveness of existing controls. Low historical frequency shall not justify ignoring a credible high-consequence failure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01256","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Each identified risk shall be linked to:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01257","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Preventive controls.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01258","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Detection methods.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01259","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Protective responses.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01260","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Residual risk.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01261","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Responsible authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01262","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verification evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01263","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reassessment triggers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01264","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The analysis shall examine combinations of failures and not merely single-component faults. Common dependencies—such as shared power, communications, maps, sensors, or software libraries—shall be identified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01265","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unresolved unacceptable risks shall block task authorization.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-47","number":"47","title":"94. Operational Design Domain and Safety Envelope","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01266","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every robotic system shall operate within a declared Operational Design Domain, or ODD, defining the conditions under which its capabilities and safety controls have been qualified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01267","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The ODD may specify:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01268","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Task classes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01269","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work-zone geometry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01270","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Floor, terrain, slope, and edge conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01271","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload and reach limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01272","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permitted tools.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01273","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-presence conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01274","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lighting and visibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01275","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dust, rain, snow, wind, temperature, and humidity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01276","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication and localization requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01277","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building occupancy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01278","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility and hazardous-material conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01279","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required supervision.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01280","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Safety Envelope shall define the more immediate limits governing each active operation, including motion volume, stopping distance, payload swept volume, separation distance, force, speed, structural capacity, and uncertainty margins.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01281","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The active Safety Envelope shall reflect actual configuration and current conditions. It may be smaller than the robot’s nominal performance envelope.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01282","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Operation outside the qualified ODD shall be prohibited unless a specifically reviewed alternative mode has been authorized. Approaching an ODD boundary shall trigger warning, reduced capability, controlled stop, or transfer to human control as defined by the work package.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01283","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The robot shall not expand its own ODD based solely on successful prior operation or AI inference.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-48","number":"48","title":"95. Work Zones and Access Control","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01284","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic sites shall use defined and controlled work zones appropriate to the hazards of each operation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01285","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Zones may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01286","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot-exclusive zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01287","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human–robot collaborative zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01288","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Restricted approach zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01289","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Suspended-load zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01290","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool-operation zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01291","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility-hazard zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01292","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Material-staging areas.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01293","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safe observation locations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01294","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency access routes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01295","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Each zone shall have a unique identity, current geometry, active state, hazard classification, access rules, and controlling authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01296","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Zone controls may include barriers, gates, interlocks, floor markings, warning lights, badges, digital permissions, spotters, and safety-rated presence detection. Administrative markings alone shall not be relied upon where physical entry creates an immediate high-consequence hazard.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01297","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Temporary changes to zone boundaries shall be recorded and communicated to robots, workers, supervisors, and emergency systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01298","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Access authorization shall consider role, training, current task state, required protective equipment, and whether hazardous energy or suspended loads are present.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01299","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unauthorized or unexpected entry shall trigger the response defined for the active safety mode. Work shall not resume merely because the person has left; zone integrity and affected physical states shall be reverified.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-49","number":"49","title":"96. Human Presence Detection","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01300","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic systems operating near people shall provide a qualified method for detecting relevant human presence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01301","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Detection may use:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01302","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety-rated scanners.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01303","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Light curtains.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01304","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pressure-sensitive surfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01305","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Gate and barrier interlocks.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01306","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Wearable devices.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01307","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Vision systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01308","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Radar or other proximity sensing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01309","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Qualified combinations of independent methods.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01310","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The design shall account for full-body and partial-body detection, crouching, climbing, occlusion, reflective clothing, carried objects, children, mobility devices, and persons lying or working near the floor.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01311","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Detection coverage, blind regions, response time, environmental limitations, and diagnostic behavior shall be documented.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01312","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"General-purpose AI vision may provide useful contextual awareness, but it shall not serve as the sole protective measure for a high-consequence operation unless specifically qualified for that function.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01313","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Failure, obstruction, misalignment, or loss of required presence-detection coverage shall cause a conservative response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01314","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Worker wearables shall supplement rather than replace site controls unless the complete safety architecture has specifically qualified dependence on them. A forgotten, discharged, or damaged wearable shall not make a person invisible to the protective system.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-50","number":"50","title":"97. Protective Separation and Distance Monitoring","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01315","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where physical separation is used, the robotic system shall maintain sufficient distance to stop or reach a safe condition before a person can enter the hazardous envelope.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01316","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The required protective separation shall consider:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01317","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human approach speed.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01318","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot speed and acceleration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01319","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sensor detection time.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01320","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Control-system reaction time.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01321","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mechanical stopping time.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01322","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload swing or deflection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01323","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool and component geometry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01324","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Localization and measurement uncertainty.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01325","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication delay.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01326","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Surface condition and robot stability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01327","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Distance monitoring shall use the complete swept volume of the robot, tool, payload, cables, hoses, and foreseeable displaced materials.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01328","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"As separation decreases, the system may progressively reduce speed, restrict motion, enter a protective stop, or activate an emergency response according to the approved safety profile.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01329","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The system shall not assume that a detected person will move predictably or respond correctly to an alert.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01330","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Restart after a separation violation shall require confirmation that all persons have left the hazardous envelope and that no object, component, tool, or temporary support was disturbed during the event.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-51","number":"51","title":"98. Human–Robot Collaboration Modes","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01331","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall define explicit Human–Robot Collaboration Modes rather than treating all shared-space operation as equivalent.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01332","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Modes may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01333","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physically separated robotic operation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01334","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Shared workspace with different operating times.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01335","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Monitored coexistence with protected separation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01336","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Speed-and-separation-controlled collaboration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01337","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Force- and power-limited collaboration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01338","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-guided or hand-guided movement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01339","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-led work with robotic assistance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01340","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Supervised cooperative manipulation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01341","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manual maintenance or recovery mode.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01342","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Each mode shall define permitted tasks, maximum speed and force, required sensing, zone controls, human roles, communication methods, stopping behavior, and transition requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01343","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Mode changes shall be deliberate, visible, authorized, and recorded. The robot shall not enter a less restrictive mode merely because it recognizes a familiar worker.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01344","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A collaborative mode suitable for carrying an unloaded tool may be unsuitable for handling a heavy structural component or energized utility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01345","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The active mode shall be unmistakable to nearby personnel through clear physical and digital indicators. Ambiguous, conflicting, or failed mode indication shall result in the more restrictive safe condition.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-52","number":"52","title":"99. Speed and Force Limitation","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01346","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robot speed, force, torque, power, momentum, and stored energy shall be limited according to the task, contact possibility, human exposure, tooling, payload, and body regions at risk.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01347","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Limits shall apply to the complete moving system, including:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01348","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manipulator.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01349","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mobile base.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01350","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01351","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"End effector.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01352","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01353","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Projecting fasteners or sharp elements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01354","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cables and hoses.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01355","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Moving temporary supports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01356","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Nominal controller values shall not substitute for measured or validated physical behavior. Payload mass, reach, braking response, joint configuration, surface friction, and control delay may materially alter the resulting hazard.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01357","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Reduced-speed operation shall not automatically qualify an unsafe task as collaborative. Crushing, trapping, cutting, electrical, thermal, or dropped-load hazards may remain unacceptable even at low speed.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01358","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where contact is permitted, the allowable contact conditions shall be explicitly defined and verified. Unexpected contact shall trigger detection, stop, and inspection appropriate to its severity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01359","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safety-related limits shall not be adjustable by unauthorized production software or ordinary users.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01360","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"100. Collision, Crushing and Pinch-Point Protection","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01361","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic design and process planning shall identify collision, crushing, trapping, shearing, entanglement, and pinch-point hazards throughout the entire motion and assembly sequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01362","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Special attention shall be given to:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01363","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot-to-structure clearances.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01364","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component-to-Interface capture regions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01365","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Closing tools and clamps.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01366","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Articulated joints.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01367","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Moving platforms.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01368","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Doors, gates, and access panels.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01369","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary supports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01370","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Narrow retreat routes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01371","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human hand-positioning areas.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01372","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Interface and component design should eliminate unnecessary trapping geometry and provide predictable clearance, lead-in features, guarded locking mechanisms, and safe manual access.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01373","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where a person must guide or inspect near a potential pinch point, robot motion shall use an approved collaborative or hold-to-run mode with appropriate limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01374","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unexpected contact shall not be overcome through increased force. The system shall stop, preserve component stability, identify the obstruction, and follow the approved recovery procedure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01375","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"After significant collision, the affected robot, tool, component, Interface, calibration, and temporary structural state shall be inspected before further work.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01376","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"101. Dropped-Load Protection","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01377","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic lifting systems shall prevent uncontrolled release, fall, rotation, or collapse of payloads.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01378","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Protection may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01379","ordinal":34,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Positive mechanical retention.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01380","ordinal":35,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Redundant gripping or secondary support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01381","ordinal":36,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Load-state monitoring.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01382","ordinal":37,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Check valves or mechanical brakes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01383","ordinal":38,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Rated capture features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01384","ordinal":39,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled exclusion zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01385","ordinal":40,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verified emergency landing positions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01386","ordinal":41,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary structural support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01387","ordinal":42,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The complete load path—from component through grasping feature, end effector, coupler, robot, support surface, and structure—shall be verified for the intended load and dynamic effects.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01388","ordinal":43,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Loss of electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, vacuum, communication, or controller power shall not cause foreseeable uncontrolled release.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01389","ordinal":44,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A robot shall not release a component until the next supporting or capture state has been physically verified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01390","ordinal":45,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Personnel shall not enter beneath suspended loads except under a specifically authorized and protected procedure. Warning systems shall not substitute for physical risk reduction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01391","ordinal":46,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"If grip quality, load identity, center of mass, support condition, or capture state becomes uncertain, the robot shall place or transfer the load to a verified safe support where possible.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01392","ordinal":47,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"102. Unexpected Resistance and Force Detection","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01393","ordinal":48,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic systems performing approach, insertion, alignment, fastening, cutting, or disassembly shall monitor for unexpected resistance and abnormal force patterns.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01394","ordinal":49,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"The system should compare measured behavior with qualified envelopes for:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01395","ordinal":50,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Force.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01396","ordinal":51,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Torque.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01397","ordinal":52,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Displacement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01398","ordinal":53,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Velocity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01399","ordinal":54,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool current.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01400","ordinal":55,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pressure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01401","ordinal":56,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Vibration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01402","ordinal":57,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Time and process sequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01403","ordinal":58,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unexpected resistance may indicate misalignment, obstruction, incorrect component identity, deformation, contamination, trapped material, an occupied pinch point, hidden fastener, utility conflict, or unintended structural loading.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01404","ordinal":59,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Exceeding an applicable threshold shall cause controlled stop or withdrawal as permitted by the task.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01405","ordinal":60,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The robot shall not treat increasing force as the default method for resolving uncertainty. Repeated force excursions shall trigger inspection and escalation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01406","ordinal":61,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Force detection shall account for sensor calibration, tool compliance, payload weight, gravity compensation, friction, and structural flexibility. A mathematically compensated force value shall not be accepted when the underlying sensor or model is invalid.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01407","ordinal":62,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"103. Robotic Tool Safety","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01408","ordinal":63,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every robotic tool and end effector shall have a defined safety profile covering attachment, operation, energy, hazards, inspection, maintenance, and failure behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01409","ordinal":64,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool hazards may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01410","ordinal":65,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cutting and crushing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01411","ordinal":66,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"High torque.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01412","ordinal":67,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Heat, sparks, and flame.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01413","ordinal":68,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pressure and stored energy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01414","ordinal":69,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Vacuum loss.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01415","ordinal":70,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Projectiles.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01416","ordinal":71,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Radiation or intense light.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01417","ordinal":72,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Chemical exposure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01418","ordinal":73,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Noise and vibration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01419","ordinal":74,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sharp or contaminated surfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01420","ordinal":75,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Before activation, the system shall verify tool identity, secure coupling, configuration, calibration, operating limits, protective devices, and compatibility with the work package.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01421","ordinal":76,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Tools shall prevent unintended activation during transport, attachment, detachment, pause, or communication loss.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01422","ordinal":77,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Tool-change stations shall control dropped-tool, pinch-point, wrong-tool, and residual-energy hazards. A successful coupler command shall not alone prove secure attachment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01423","ordinal":78,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Consumable condition, wear limits, guards, cutters, bits, welding materials, adhesives, and calibration-sensitive parts shall be tracked where failure could affect safety or quality.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01424","ordinal":79,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"104. Energy Isolation and Lockout","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01425","ordinal":80,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic work involving hazardous energy shall use a controlled Energy Isolation and Lockout architecture.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01426","ordinal":81,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hazardous energy may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01427","ordinal":82,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Electrical.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01428","ordinal":83,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hydraulic.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01429","ordinal":84,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pneumatic.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01430","ordinal":85,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mechanical.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01431","ordinal":86,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Gravitational.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01432","ordinal":87,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Thermal.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01433","ordinal":88,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Chemical.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01434","ordinal":89,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pressure and vacuum.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01435","ordinal":90,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stored spring or elastic energy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01436","ordinal":91,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Battery and capacitor energy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01437","ordinal":92,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Active utility systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01438","ordinal":93,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Isolation shall identify the energy source, isolation point, responsible authority, verification method, affected equipment, and conditions for restoration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01439","ordinal":94,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A digital command indicating “off” shall not substitute for verified physical isolation where lockout is required.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01440","ordinal":95,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Before intervention, stored energy shall be discharged, restrained, blocked, or otherwise controlled. Suspended or partially assembled components shall receive independent support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01441","ordinal":96,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robots shall respect physical and digital lockout states. No remote command, software update, automated restart, or fleet rescheduling action shall override an active isolation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01442","ordinal":97,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Removal of isolation shall require confirmation that personnel, tools, temporary supports, guards, and affected systems are in the correct state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01443","ordinal":98,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"105. Temporary Structural Stability","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01444","ordinal":99,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic operations shall preserve structural stability during every intermediate state, not only in the final completed configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01445","ordinal":100,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The work package shall identify:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01446","ordinal":101,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary load paths.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01447","ordinal":102,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required braces and supports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01448","ordinal":103,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maximum unsupported duration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01449","ordinal":104,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permitted environmental loads.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01450","ordinal":105,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component-release conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01451","ordinal":106,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Monitoring requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01452","ordinal":107,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-access restrictions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01453","ordinal":108,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safe pause and abort states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01454","ordinal":109,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robots shall not remove, reposition, or release a structural element based solely on final-state calculations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01455","ordinal":110,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Temporary supports shall have identifiable installation, loading, inspection, release, and removal states. Their presence in a Digital Twin shall not replace physical verification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01456","ordinal":111,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"If unexpected movement, deformation, settlement, vibration, support damage, or load redistribution is detected, robotic work shall stop while maintaining the safest achievable support condition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01457","ordinal":112,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Productivity optimization shall not reorder structural tasks or remove temporary supports unless the revised sequence has been validated and authorized.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01458","ordinal":113,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"106. Power-Loss Behavior","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01459","ordinal":114,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every robotic system shall define and validate its behavior under partial and complete power loss.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01460","ordinal":115,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Power-loss analysis shall consider:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01461","ordinal":116,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manipulator brakes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01462","ordinal":117,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mobile-platform braking.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01463","ordinal":118,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Suspended payloads.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01464","ordinal":119,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grippers and vacuum tools.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01465","ordinal":120,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hydraulic and pneumatic systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01466","ordinal":121,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Active temporary supports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01467","ordinal":122,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hot or rotating tools.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01468","ordinal":123,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Computing and communication equipment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01469","ordinal":124,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety sensors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01470","ordinal":125,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency lighting and alerts.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01471","ordinal":126,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Simple de-energization may not always create the safest condition. A robot carrying a load may need sufficient stored or backup energy to maintain grip, establish controlled support, or execute a bounded safe-stop action.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01472","ordinal":127,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The system shall identify which safety functions remain available, for how long, and under which battery or backup-power conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01473","ordinal":128,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Power restoration shall not cause automatic motion, tool activation, load release, or task resumption.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01474","ordinal":129,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Before restart, the system shall reconcile robot position, payload state, structural condition, tool state, work-zone occupancy, and any work performed during the outage.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01475","ordinal":130,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"107. Communication-Loss Behavior","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01476","ordinal":131,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Loss, delay, corruption, or instability of communication shall cause a predefined response appropriate to the active task.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01477","ordinal":132,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication dependencies may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01478","ordinal":133,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot-to-controller links.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01479","ordinal":134,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety networks.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01480","ordinal":135,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fleet coordination.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01481","ordinal":136,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool communications.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01482","ordinal":137,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building BIOS services.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01483","ordinal":138,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Edge and cloud systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01484","ordinal":139,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human supervision interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01485","ordinal":140,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inter-robot coordination.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01486","ordinal":141,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safety-critical local functions shall remain effective without dependence on remote cloud connectivity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01487","ordinal":142,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The response to communication loss may include completion of a bounded safe action, controlled stop, maintenance of payload support, tool deactivation, zone protection, or transition to a qualified offline mode.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01488","ordinal":143,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The robot shall not continue indefinitely using stale commands, obsolete maps, expired authority, or predicted responses from disconnected systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01489","ordinal":144,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Multi-robot operations shall prevent conflicting motion when coordination is lost. Each robot shall preserve local collision protection and enter its defined safe state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01490","ordinal":145,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Reconnection shall not automatically authorize resumption. Identity, sequence, authority, physical state, and missed events shall first be reconciled.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01491","ordinal":146,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"108. Localization and Perception Failure","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01492","ordinal":147,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Failure or degradation of localization or perception shall be detected before uncertainty produces unsafe motion or incorrect physical work.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01493","ordinal":148,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Relevant failures include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01494","ordinal":149,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Excessive localization drift.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01495","ordinal":150,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lost coordinate reference.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01496","ordinal":151,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Occluded safety region.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01497","ordinal":152,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Incorrect object classification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01498","ordinal":153,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Conflicting pose estimates.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01499","ordinal":154,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stale maps.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01500","ordinal":155,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Marker substitution or damage.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01501","ordinal":156,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lighting or weather degradation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01502","ordinal":157,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sensor saturation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01503","ordinal":158,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unrecognized human or obstacle presence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01504","ordinal":159,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The required response shall reflect task consequence. Open-area navigation may allow reduced-speed recovery, while structural insertion, utility work, or human-adjacent operation may require immediate safe stop.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01505","ordinal":160,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The robot shall not substitute an unqualified perception source merely to preserve productivity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01506","ordinal":161,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Recovery shall re-establish coordinate systems, sensor validity, work-zone condition, component identity, and current physical state. If retreat cannot be performed safely, controlled holding and human intervention may be required.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01507","ordinal":162,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"109. Sensor and Control-System Failure","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01508","ordinal":163,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The robotic system shall detect, isolate, and respond to failures in sensors, controllers, actuators, safety devices, and software processes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01509","ordinal":164,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Failure conditions may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01510","ordinal":165,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Missing or frozen data.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01511","ordinal":166,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Drift or bias.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01512","ordinal":167,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Out-of-range values.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01513","ordinal":168,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Conflicting redundant sensors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01514","ordinal":169,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Timing errors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01515","ordinal":170,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controller restart.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01516","ordinal":171,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Memory or computation faults.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01517","ordinal":172,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Actuator runaway.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01518","ordinal":173,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Brake failure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01519","ordinal":174,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety-device bypass.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01520","ordinal":175,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Common-mode software failure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01521","ordinal":176,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safety-related diagnostics shall distinguish between a confirmed safe measurement and absence of a valid measurement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01522","ordinal":177,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Redundancy shall be designed for meaningful independence. Multiple devices sharing the same power supply, communication bus, environmental vulnerability, or software defect may not provide true fault tolerance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01523","ordinal":178,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A failed channel may permit a defined degraded mode only when the remaining controls continue to satisfy all requirements of the reduced task.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01524","ordinal":179,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Replacement, reset, or automatic failover shall be recorded and may require renewed calibration or validation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01525","ordinal":180,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"110. Weather and Environmental Conditions","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01526","ordinal":181,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic operations shall remain within qualified environmental limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01527","ordinal":182,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Conditions to be considered include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01528","ordinal":183,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Wind and gusts.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01529","ordinal":184,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Rain, snow, ice, and standing water.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01530","ordinal":185,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temperature and humidity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01531","ordinal":186,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dust, smoke, fog, and glare.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01532","ordinal":187,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lighting variation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01533","ordinal":188,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Surface friction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01534","ordinal":189,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lightning and electrical storms.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01535","ordinal":190,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Corrosive or explosive atmospheres.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01536","ordinal":191,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Noise and vibration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01537","ordinal":192,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Flooding or ground instability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01538","ordinal":193,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Environmental limits shall account for the complete robot–tool–payload configuration. A robot that can safely stand in a given wind may not safely transport a large panel under the same condition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01539","ordinal":194,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sensors, markers, brakes, tires, tracks, grippers, adhesives, seals, and electrical systems may have different environmental limitations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01540","ordinal":195,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Weather data from remote services may support planning but shall not replace relevant local observation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01541","ordinal":196,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"When conditions exceed or approach authorized limits, the system shall pause, secure loads and temporary states, withdraw where safe, or enter the prescribed weather-safe configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01542","ordinal":197,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"111. Fire, Smoke and Hazardous-Material Conditions","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01543","ordinal":198,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic systems shall recognize and respond appropriately to fire, smoke, heat, combustion products, and hazardous materials.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01544","ordinal":199,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The safety plan shall address:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01545","ordinal":200,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Battery and electrical fires.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01546","ordinal":201,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hot-work ignition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01547","ordinal":202,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Flammable liquids and gases.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01548","ordinal":203,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dust explosion hazards.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01549","ordinal":204,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Toxic or oxygen-deficient atmospheres.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01550","ordinal":205,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Asbestos, lead, mold, and contaminated debris.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01551","ordinal":206,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency egress.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01552","ordinal":207,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Firefighter and responder access.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01553","ordinal":208,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robots may assist with detection, inspection, isolation, or remote handling, but they shall not obstruct evacuation, suppress alarms, or delay emergency response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01554","ordinal":209,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Ordinary robotic sensors shall not be assumed suitable for life-safety fire detection unless qualified for that role.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01555","ordinal":210,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Hot-work tasks shall verify permits, combustible-material controls, ventilation, monitoring, and post-operation inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01556","ordinal":211,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"After a fire or hazardous-material event, exposed robots, batteries, tools, components, sensors, and structural elements shall be inspected before return to service.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01557","ordinal":212,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"112. Electrical, Gas, Water and Utility Hazards","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01558","ordinal":213,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic interaction with utilities shall treat physical connection, testing, and energization as separate controlled states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01559","ordinal":214,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The system shall identify:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01560","ordinal":215,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility type.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01561","ordinal":216,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Location and route.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01562","ordinal":217,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pressure or voltage.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01563","ordinal":218,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Isolation points.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01564","ordinal":219,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stored energy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01565","ordinal":220,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Contamination risk.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01566","ordinal":221,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Responsible authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01567","ordinal":222,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required professional approval.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01568","ordinal":223,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency shutoff procedure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01569","ordinal":224,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unknown or conflicting utility identity shall block work.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01570","ordinal":225,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic excavation, drilling, cutting, fastening, or deconstruction shall verify that hidden utilities are not present within the affected volume.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01571","ordinal":226,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Water release may create structural, electrical, slip, contamination, and occupied-building hazards. Gas release may require immediate isolation, evacuation, ignition control, and emergency notification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01572","ordinal":227,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Completion of a connector motion shall not authorize energization. Required continuity, insulation, pressure, flow, leak, communication, and functional tests shall be completed and approved first.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01573","ordinal":228,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"113. Robotics in Occupied Buildings","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01574","ordinal":229,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic operation in occupied buildings shall apply additional controls for people who are not trained construction workers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01575","ordinal":230,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The plan shall account for:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01576","ordinal":231,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Residents and visitors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01577","ordinal":232,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Children and older persons.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01578","ordinal":233,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Persons with disabilities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01579","ordinal":234,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Animals.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01580","ordinal":235,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Privacy and consent.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01581","ordinal":236,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Noise, dust, and vibration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01582","ordinal":237,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Furniture and moving obstacles.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01583","ordinal":238,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Security boundaries.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01584","ordinal":239,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency egress.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01585","ordinal":240,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility continuity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01586","ordinal":241,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cleanliness and contamination.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01587","ordinal":242,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Work zones shall be understandable to occupants and shall not rely exclusively on technical warnings or specialized training.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01588","ordinal":243,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robots shall not assume predictable behavior from children, animals, or visitors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01589","ordinal":244,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Occupants shall receive appropriate information about the schedule, affected areas, alarms, access restrictions, privacy implications, and emergency contacts.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01590","ordinal":245,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Cameras, microphones, maps, and occupant-related data shall be limited to legitimate operational and safety needs.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01591","ordinal":246,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"After work, access routes, fire protection, utilities, covers, locks, guards, and occupant spaces shall be restored and verified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01592","ordinal":247,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"114. Emergency Stop Architecture","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01593","ordinal":248,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall provide an Emergency Stop Architecture appropriate to the size, mobility, task, and hazards of the robotic operation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01594","ordinal":249,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Emergency-stop devices shall be:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01595","ordinal":250,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Clearly identifiable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01596","ordinal":251,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Accessible to affected personnel.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01597","ordinal":252,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Positioned according to foreseeable emergencies.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01598","ordinal":253,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Protected against confusing or unintended use.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01599","ordinal":254,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Independent from ordinary production commands.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01600","ordinal":255,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capable of initiating a defined emergency response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01601","ordinal":256,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The architecture shall define whether activation applies to one robot, one tool, one zone, coordinated robots, or the complete workcell. Propagation shall be designed to avoid creating secondary hazards.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01602","ordinal":257,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency stopping may require controlled braking, tool isolation, load retention, and continued temporary support. Removing all energy indiscriminately may be unsafe for some configurations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01603","ordinal":258,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"An emergency stop shall not substitute for guards, safe design, protective separation, or normal stopping functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01604","ordinal":259,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Resetting the emergency-stop device shall only clear the stop condition; it shall not automatically restart motion or reauthorize the task.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01605","ordinal":260,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every activation shall be recorded, investigated as appropriate, and followed by physical-state verification before restart.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01606","ordinal":261,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"115. Safe-Stop Architecture","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01607","ordinal":262,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A Safe Stop is a controlled transition to a state in which unacceptable motion, energy, or physical change is prevented while necessary stability and protective functions are maintained.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01608","ordinal":263,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safe-stop states may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01609","ordinal":264,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled motion stop.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01610","ordinal":265,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Protective stop with power retained.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01611","ordinal":266,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool-safe state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01612","ordinal":267,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload-holding state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01613","ordinal":268,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary-support state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01614","ordinal":269,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility-isolated state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01615","ordinal":270,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled de-energized state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01616","ordinal":271,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The correct safe state shall depend on the active task. A robot holding a structural panel may require a different response from an unloaded inspection robot.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01617","ordinal":272,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safe-stop design shall define stopping time, stopping distance, retained functions, brake behavior, payload behavior, zone status, alerts, and restart requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01618","ordinal":273,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The system shall distinguish a normal pause, protective stop, fault stop, emergency stop, and power-loss state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01619","ordinal":274,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A safe stop shall preserve sufficient information to determine the last reliable command, robot pose, tool state, component state, and reason for stopping.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01620","ordinal":275,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"116. Fail-Safe and Degraded Operation","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01621","ordinal":276,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic systems shall fail toward a condition that minimizes harm, but “fail-safe” shall not be interpreted as universal and immediate de-energization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01622","ordinal":277,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The safest response may require:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01623","ordinal":278,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintaining grip.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01624","ordinal":279,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Applying brakes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01625","ordinal":280,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lowering a payload.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01626","ordinal":281,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Preserving temporary support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01627","ordinal":282,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Isolating a tool.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01628","ordinal":283,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Restricting movement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01629","ordinal":284,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Activating local warnings.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01630","ordinal":285,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Requesting human intervention.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01631","ordinal":286,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Degraded operation may be permitted only when the failed capability is known, the remaining controls are sufficient, the reduced operating envelope is defined, and the active task is authorized for that condition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01632","ordinal":287,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A degraded mode shall specify:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01633","ordinal":288,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Available and unavailable functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01634","ordinal":289,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reduced speed, force, payload, or zone.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01635","ordinal":290,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required human supervision.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01636","ordinal":291,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Time or task limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01637","ordinal":292,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Prohibited operations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01638","ordinal":293,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recovery and exit conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01639","ordinal":294,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The system shall not gradually normalize repeated faults or expand degraded operation through accumulated exceptions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01640","ordinal":295,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unknown failure state shall be treated more conservatively than a diagnosed and bounded failure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01641","ordinal":296,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"117. Manual Override and Human Takeover","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01642","ordinal":297,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Manual override and human takeover shall provide a controlled means for qualified personnel to stop, recover, reposition, or complete work.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01643","ordinal":298,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Manual control shall require verified identity, role, training, and authority appropriate to the action.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01644","ordinal":299,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The takeover process shall communicate:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01645","ordinal":300,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Current robot and task state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01646","ordinal":301,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload and tool condition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01647","ordinal":302,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Active hazards.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01648","ordinal":303,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Coordinate and localization status.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01649","ordinal":304,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary structural state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01650","ordinal":305,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Disabled or degraded safeguards.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01651","ordinal":306,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permitted manual actions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01652","ordinal":307,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Manual override shall not silently bypass safety limits, utility isolation, structural constraints, or protected zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01653","ordinal":308,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where a safeguard must be temporarily bypassed for diagnosis or recovery, the action shall use a controlled maintenance mode, limited speed and force, appropriate hold-to-run control, additional protection, and complete logging.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01654","ordinal":309,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The robot shall not resist, countermand, or unexpectedly resume during valid human takeover.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01655","ordinal":310,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Return to automatic operation shall require explicit handback, renewed verification, and state reconciliation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01656","ordinal":311,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"118. Restart, Reentry and State Reconciliation","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01657","ordinal":312,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Restart after a stop, failure, interruption, evacuation, manual intervention, or communication loss shall be treated as a new authorization point.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01658","ordinal":313,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Before restart, the system shall verify:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01659","ordinal":314,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cause of interruption.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01660","ordinal":315,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot and tool configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01661","ordinal":316,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload and component state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01662","ordinal":317,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Localization and calibration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01663","ordinal":318,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work-zone clearance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01664","ordinal":319,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human presence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01665","ordinal":320,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Structural and temporary-support condition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01666","ordinal":321,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01667","ordinal":322,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Environmental conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01668","ordinal":323,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Validity of the work package and authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01669","ordinal":324,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Freshness of previous evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01670","ordinal":325,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Physical changes occurring during the interruption shall be incorporated into the current state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01671","ordinal":326,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Reentry into a previously controlled zone shall follow defined inspection and access procedures. A zone shall not be presumed safe because the robot is stopped.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01672","ordinal":327,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Conflicts among controller memory, robot position, Digital Twin state, BIOS records, and physical evidence shall be preserved and reconciled.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01673","ordinal":328,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Restart shall continue from a defined recovery state rather than blindly resuming the next stored command.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01674","ordinal":329,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"119. Human–Machine Interfaces, Alerts and Training","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01675","ordinal":330,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Human–Machine Interfaces shall communicate robotic state, hazards, authority, uncertainty, and required action clearly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01676","ordinal":331,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Interfaces should display:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01677","ordinal":332,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Active robot and tool.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01678","ordinal":333,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Operating mode.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01679","ordinal":334,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Task and work-package identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01680","ordinal":335,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work-zone state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01681","ordinal":336,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Motion or load condition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01682","ordinal":337,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Warnings and faults.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01683","ordinal":338,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety-system status.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01684","ordinal":339,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pending approvals.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01685","ordinal":340,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recovery instructions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01686","ordinal":341,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication and localization health.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01687","ordinal":342,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Alerts shall be prioritized by consequence and designed to avoid alarm flooding, ambiguous symbols, hidden faults, and dependence on color alone.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01688","ordinal":343,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Critical alerts shall identify what happened, where it happened, what remains dangerous, and what action is required.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01689","ordinal":344,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Training shall be role-specific. Operators, supervisors, engineers, inspectors, occupants, maintainers, and emergency responders require different information and authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01690","ordinal":345,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Interfaces shall not manipulate users into approving uncertain work, obscure degraded conditions, or treat acknowledgment as evidence that the hazard has been corrected.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01691","ordinal":346,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"120. Prohibition of Self-Approval and Unlimited Robotic Autonomy","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01692","ordinal":347,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"No robot, AI agent, planner, controller, or fleet-management system shall possess unlimited authority over construction or lifecycle operations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01693","ordinal":348,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A robotic system shall not independently:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01694","ordinal":349,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Redefine structural requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01695","ordinal":350,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Approve its own consequential work where independent verification is required.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01696","ordinal":351,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Expand its work-package scope.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01697","ordinal":352,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Override safety controls.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01698","ordinal":353,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Ignore failed preconditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01699","ordinal":354,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Energize utilities without required authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01700","ordinal":355,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Accept an unverified deviation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01701","ordinal":356,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alter protected BIOS configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01702","ordinal":357,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Conceal uncertainty or failed evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01703","ordinal":358,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grant itself additional permissions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01704","ordinal":359,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Expand its qualified Operational Design Domain.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01705","ordinal":360,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Autonomy shall remain bounded by task, component, zone, time, configuration, consequence class, approved alternatives, and required evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01706","ordinal":361,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Learning from experience may improve future planning, but learned behavior shall not alter released safety rules or authorization boundaries without controlled validation and approval.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01707","ordinal":362,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall preserve meaningful human and institutional authority for safety, compliance, ethics, and public welfare. Robotic execution may be highly autonomous; engineering authority shall remain explicitly governed.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-53","number":"53","title":"PART VI — Command, Control, Cybersecurity & Interoperability","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-01708","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"121. Robotic Digital Control Architecture","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01709","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Robotic Digital Control Architecture shall separate planning, authorization, execution, protective control, evidence collection, and configuration management.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01710","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The architecture may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01711","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building BIOS.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01712","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Engineering Compiler.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01713","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic job planner.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01714","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fleet coordinator.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01715","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot controller.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01716","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety controller.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01717","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"PLC or machine controller.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01718","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool controller.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01719","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Edge services.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01720","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Digital Twin.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01721","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human approval interface.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01722","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Audit and evidence services.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01723","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Each layer shall have a defined responsibility and authority boundary.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01724","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safety controllers and local protective functions shall remain sufficiently independent from AI planning, cloud services, and productivity optimization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01725","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A higher-level system may request an outcome, but the robot controller shall execute only commands compatible with its active configuration, local limits, work package, and safety state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01726","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"No digital subsystem shall silently assume that an issued command produced the intended physical result.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01727","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Control architecture shall support deterministic safe behavior during network delay, partial failure, software restart, time disagreement, and inconsistent state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01728","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"122. Robot Interface Protocol","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01729","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall define an open, version-controlled Robot Interface Protocol for communication among robots, tools, controllers, building systems, and engineering services.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01730","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The protocol shall support:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01731","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Identity exchange.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01732","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capability discovery.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01733","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Configuration verification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01734","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work-package transfer.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01735","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Command and acknowledgment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01736","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"State reporting.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01737","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety and fault events.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01738","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Evidence submission.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01739","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pause, resume, abort, and recovery.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01740","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Time synchronization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01741","ordinal":34,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Version and compatibility negotiation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01742","ordinal":35,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every message shall define its units, coordinate system, reference entities, timestamp, sequence, validity period, authority, and expected response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01743","ordinal":36,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Commands shall be explicit and bounded. Terms such as “install,” “safe,” “aligned,” or “complete” shall not be used without machine-readable criteria and defined state transitions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01744","ordinal":37,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unknown message types, unsupported versions, missing fields, invalid units, or conflicting coordinate references shall be rejected safely.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01745","ordinal":38,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The protocol shall distinguish a request, authorization, execution acknowledgment, physical observation, verification, and final acceptance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01746","ordinal":39,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"123. Structured Messages, Commands and State Machines","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01747","ordinal":40,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic communication shall use structured schemas and formally defined state machines.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01748","ordinal":41,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"A consequential command should include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01749","ordinal":42,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Command identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01750","ordinal":43,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Issuer identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01751","ordinal":44,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Target identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01752","ordinal":45,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work-package reference.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01753","ordinal":46,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01754","ordinal":47,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Action and parameters.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01755","ordinal":48,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Coordinate frame and units.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01756","ordinal":49,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Preconditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01757","ordinal":50,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Validity interval.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01758","ordinal":51,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sequence dependency.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01759","ordinal":52,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Expected outcome.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01760","ordinal":53,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Timeout behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01761","ordinal":54,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required acknowledgment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01762","ordinal":55,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Security and integrity information.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01763","ordinal":56,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"State machines shall define valid transitions for robots, tools, tasks, connections, payloads, zones, and approvals.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01764","ordinal":57,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Invalid transitions shall be rejected rather than silently interpreted. For example, a connection shall not transition directly from “approaching” to “verified for service” without the required intermediate evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01765","ordinal":58,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Commands should be designed for safe retry and idempotent behavior where practical. Repeated delivery shall not cause repeated fastening, duplicate energization, or uncontrolled motion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01766","ordinal":59,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"State disagreement among systems shall create an explicit reconciliation condition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01767","ordinal":60,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"124. Robot Authentication","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01768","ordinal":61,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every consequential robotic entity shall authenticate before receiving authority, issuing commands, accessing protected data, or submitting trusted evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01769","ordinal":62,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authentication may apply to:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01770","ordinal":63,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robots.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01771","ordinal":64,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controllers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01772","ordinal":65,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tools.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01773","ordinal":66,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Edge devices.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01774","ordinal":67,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Software services.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01775","ordinal":68,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human operators.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01776","ordinal":69,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manufacturers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01777","ordinal":70,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspectors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01778","ordinal":71,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01779","ordinal":72,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Authentication shall verify the specific active entity and not merely the network location from which it communicates.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01780","ordinal":73,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Credentials shall be protected against copying, unauthorized extraction, replay, and misuse. Hardware-backed identity may be used where consequence warrants it.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01781","ordinal":74,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Authentication status shall include issuance, validity, expiration, suspension, revocation, and suspected compromise.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01782","ordinal":75,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A correctly authenticated robot shall not automatically be considered compatible, safe, certified, or authorized.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01783","ordinal":76,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Lost, duplicated, revoked, expired, or conflicting credentials shall trigger denial, quarantine, or safe suspension according to consequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01784","ordinal":77,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"125. Permission and Authority Management","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01785","ordinal":78,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall manage robotic authority through explicit, scoped permissions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01786","ordinal":79,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permissions may be limited by:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01787","ordinal":80,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot or tool identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01788","ordinal":81,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Task class.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01789","ordinal":82,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work package.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01790","ordinal":83,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component or assembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01791","ordinal":84,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Site and zone.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01792","ordinal":85,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Time period.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01793","ordinal":86,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Operating mode.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01794","ordinal":87,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01795","ordinal":88,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Consequence level.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01796","ordinal":89,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maximum speed, force, or payload.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01797","ordinal":90,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required human supervision.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01798","ordinal":91,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01799","ordinal":92,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Authority shall be granted by an identified responsible entity and shall be revocable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01800","ordinal":93,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The system shall distinguish permission to observe, plan, simulate, command, execute, inspect, approve, modify configuration, update BIOS records, and energize utilities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01801","ordinal":94,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Authority shall expire when its assumptions cease to be true. Changes in component identity, robot configuration, work-zone condition, structural state, software version, or risk classification may invalidate prior authorization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01802","ordinal":95,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Possession of technical capability shall not create permission.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01803","ordinal":96,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"126. Least Privilege and Separation of Duties","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01804","ordinal":97,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every robot, service, person, and software component shall receive only the minimum access necessary for its assigned function.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01805","ordinal":98,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"An inspection robot should not automatically possess authority to alter structural configuration. A planning service should not directly control actuators. A robot submitting evidence should not automatically approve that evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01806","ordinal":99,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Separation of duties should distinguish among:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01807","ordinal":100,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Design and planning.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01808","ordinal":101,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work-package approval.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01809","ordinal":102,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Execution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01810","ordinal":103,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety supervision.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01811","ordinal":104,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01812","ordinal":105,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Acceptance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01813","ordinal":106,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Configuration management.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01814","ordinal":107,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Software deployment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01815","ordinal":108,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Credential administration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01816","ordinal":109,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Audit review.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01817","ordinal":110,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"High-consequence actions may require independent approval or multiple authorized roles.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01818","ordinal":111,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Temporary privileges shall be time-bounded and automatically removed when no longer required.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01819","ordinal":112,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Emergency authority shall also remain scoped, logged, and subject to review. An emergency condition shall not create unrestricted access to unrelated systems or data.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01820","ordinal":113,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"127. Command Integrity, Replay Protection and Ordering","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01821","ordinal":114,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic commands shall be protected against alteration, duplication, delay, replay, reordering, and unauthorized substitution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01822","ordinal":115,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Protection should include appropriate combinations of:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01823","ordinal":116,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cryptographic integrity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01824","ordinal":117,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authenticated origin.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01825","ordinal":118,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unique command identifiers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01826","ordinal":119,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sequence numbers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01827","ordinal":120,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Timestamps.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01828","ordinal":121,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Nonces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01829","ordinal":122,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Validity intervals.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01830","ordinal":123,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Secure acknowledgments.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01831","ordinal":124,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Transaction state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01832","ordinal":125,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Duplicate detection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01833","ordinal":126,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The robot shall verify that a command belongs to the current task, configuration, physical state, and authority context.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01834","ordinal":127,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Delayed commands shall not become valid merely because they were once authorized. A command issued before a pause, tool change, state transition, or emergency stop may require cancellation or reauthorization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01835","ordinal":128,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Where an irreversible or high-consequence action is involved, the protocol may require staged preparation, explicit commit, and confirmation of current preconditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01836","ordinal":129,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Acknowledgment of receipt shall remain distinct from acceptance, execution, physical completion, and verification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01837","ordinal":130,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"128. Robot Controller, PLC and Tool Integration","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01838","ordinal":131,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall support controlled integration among robot controllers, PLCs, safety controllers, tool controllers, and building automation systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01839","ordinal":132,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Each integration shall define:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01840","ordinal":133,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Ownership of each command.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01841","ordinal":134,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Active control mode.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01842","ordinal":135,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Signal semantics.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01843","ordinal":136,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Timing and update rates.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01844","ordinal":137,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Units and coordinate references.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01845","ordinal":138,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Permitted transitions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01846","ordinal":139,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fault and timeout behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01847","ordinal":140,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency-stop relationships.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01848","ordinal":141,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authority boundaries.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01849","ordinal":142,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Evidence responsibilities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01850","ordinal":143,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Adapters and gateways may translate protocols but shall not conceal unsupported functions, weaken safety behavior, or invent confirmation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01851","ordinal":144,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Native equipment interlocks and protective functions shall not be bypassed for interface convenience.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01852","ordinal":145,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where multiple controllers can influence the same actuator or physical resource, control ownership shall be exclusive and visible.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01853","ordinal":146,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Controller restart, PLC program change, tool replacement, or gateway update shall trigger configuration verification before resumed operation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01854","ordinal":147,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"129. Local, Edge, Cloud and Offline Operation","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01855","ordinal":148,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic architecture may distribute functions across local controllers, edge systems, cloud services, and offline packages.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01856","ordinal":149,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Functions requiring immediate physical protection shall remain local enough to meet their response requirements without dependence on remote connectivity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01857","ordinal":150,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cloud services may support:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01858","ordinal":151,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Large-scale planning.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01859","ordinal":152,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fleet analytics.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01860","ordinal":153,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Software distribution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01861","ordinal":154,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Model training.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01862","ordinal":155,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Long-term records.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01863","ordinal":156,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cross-project learning.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01864","ordinal":157,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Non-real-time Digital Twin services.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01865","ordinal":158,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Edge systems may support site coordination, map distribution, work-package management, local analytics, and communication bridging.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01866","ordinal":159,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Offline operation shall define which tasks remain permitted, which data may be cached, how authority expires, and how records will later be reconciled.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01867","ordinal":160,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Loss of cloud or external-network access shall not disable local emergency stop, collision protection, payload retention, or other required safety functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01868","ordinal":161,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Reconnection shall include secure synchronization and conflict resolution rather than automatic acceptance of whichever record is newest.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01869","ordinal":162,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"130. Robotic Cybersecurity Architecture","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01870","ordinal":163,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic cybersecurity shall be treated as part of physical safety and engineering integrity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01871","ordinal":164,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The architecture shall protect:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01872","ordinal":165,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Identity and credentials.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01873","ordinal":166,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Commands and work packages.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01874","ordinal":167,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot and tool configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01875","ordinal":168,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety parameters.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01876","ordinal":169,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maps and coordinate systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01877","ordinal":170,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Firmware and software.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01878","ordinal":171,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Calibration data.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01879","ordinal":172,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component registries.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01880","ordinal":173,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Execution evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01881","ordinal":174,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"BIOS and Digital Twin interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01882","ordinal":175,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Remote access.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01883","ordinal":176,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Threat analysis shall consider unauthorized control, malicious modification, credential theft, denial of service, falsified sensor data, corrupted maps, unsafe updates, compromised suppliers, and manipulation of approval workflows.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01884","ordinal":177,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Networks and systems should be segmented according to function and consequence. Compromise of an occupant service, general IT system, or analytics platform shall not provide uncontrolled access to robotic actuation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01885","ordinal":178,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Cybersecurity controls shall include detection, containment, recovery, revocation, incident evidence, and secure restoration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01886","ordinal":179,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A suspected cyber incident affecting physical trust shall cause the relevant operation to stop or enter an approved degraded state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01887","ordinal":180,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"131. Malicious Input and Supply-Chain Protection","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01888","ordinal":181,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic systems shall treat external files, models, packages, components, and updates as potentially untrusted until verified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01889","ordinal":182,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Potentially dangerous inputs include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01890","ordinal":183,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"BDL documents.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01891","ordinal":184,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot programs.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01892","ordinal":185,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Toolpaths.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01893","ordinal":186,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Digital Twin models.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01894","ordinal":187,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maps and markers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01895","ordinal":188,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"AI models.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01896","ordinal":189,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capability manifests.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01897","ordinal":190,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Calibration files.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01898","ordinal":191,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Firmware.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01899","ordinal":192,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Third-party libraries.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01900","ordinal":193,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component identity records.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01901","ordinal":194,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work-package templates.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01902","ordinal":195,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Inputs shall be checked for authenticity, integrity, schema validity, compatibility, authority, and prohibited behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01903","ordinal":196,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Complex or executable content should be processed in isolated environments before deployment to operational systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01904","ordinal":197,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Software and hardware supply chains should provide traceability for origin, version, dependencies, build process, known vulnerabilities, and approval status.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01905","ordinal":198,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A valid signature shall confirm source and integrity but shall not prove engineering correctness or safety.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01906","ordinal":199,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unknown, altered, counterfeit, recalled, or unsupported packages and devices shall be quarantined.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01907","ordinal":200,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"132. Secure Update and Configuration Control","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01908","ordinal":201,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Updates to robotic software, firmware, safety parameters, maps, tools, AI models, and configuration shall use a controlled lifecycle.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01909","ordinal":202,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The process shall include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01910","ordinal":203,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Update identity and source.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01911","ordinal":204,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Digital integrity verification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01912","ordinal":205,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Compatibility assessment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01913","ordinal":206,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Change description.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01914","ordinal":207,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety and engineering impact review.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01915","ordinal":208,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Testing and staged deployment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01916","ordinal":209,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approval.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01917","ordinal":210,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Rollback or recovery plan.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01918","ordinal":211,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Deployment evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01919","ordinal":212,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Post-update verification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01920","ordinal":213,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Production robots shall not accept arbitrary or unreviewed updates.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01921","ordinal":214,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Configuration baselines shall identify the complete active combination of hardware, software, firmware, tools, calibration, safety settings, and approved capabilities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01922","ordinal":215,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"An update that changes behavior, stopping performance, perception, localization, tool output, or authority handling may require renewed qualification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01923","ordinal":216,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Rollback shall not restore an obsolete version when doing so would introduce a known incompatibility or security risk.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01924","ordinal":217,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Update failure shall leave the system in a defined recoverable state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01925","ordinal":218,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"133. Audit Logs and Execution Evidence","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01926","ordinal":219,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic systems shall maintain traceable records sufficient to reconstruct consequential decisions, commands, actions, faults, approvals, and physical outcomes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01927","ordinal":220,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Records may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01928","ordinal":221,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authenticated identities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01929","ordinal":222,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Active configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01930","ordinal":223,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work-package version.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01931","ordinal":224,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Commands and acknowledgments.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01932","ordinal":225,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"State transitions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01933","ordinal":226,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety events.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01934","ordinal":227,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human approvals.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01935","ordinal":228,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sensor and tool data.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01936","ordinal":229,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Calibration references.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01937","ordinal":230,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Exceptions and retries.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01938","ordinal":231,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manual interventions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01939","ordinal":232,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Software and configuration changes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01940","ordinal":233,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Completion and inspection evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01941","ordinal":234,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Logs shall use synchronized and traceable time references where sequence matters.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01942","ordinal":235,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Audit records should be tamper-evident and protected according to their consequence, privacy, and retention requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01943","ordinal":236,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Operational logs shall remain distinguishable from engineering evidence. Large quantities of raw data shall not substitute for the specific evidence required to accept a physical outcome.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01944","ordinal":237,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Missing, corrupted, disputed, or incomplete records shall remain visible.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01945","ordinal":238,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A robotic system shall not be permitted to delete or rewrite evidence merely because the evidence indicates failure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01946","ordinal":239,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"134. Privacy and Robotic Data Governance","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01947","ordinal":240,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic data collection shall be limited to legitimate safety, execution, maintenance, evidence, and improvement needs.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01948","ordinal":241,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Particular protection shall apply to data from occupied buildings, including:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01949","ordinal":242,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Images and video.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01950","ordinal":243,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Audio.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01951","ordinal":244,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Occupant presence and movement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01952","ordinal":245,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Personal identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01953","ordinal":246,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building access patterns.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01954","ordinal":247,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Interior maps.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01955","ordinal":248,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Security systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01956","ordinal":249,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utility-use information.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01957","ordinal":250,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sensitive objects or activities observed incidentally.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01958","ordinal":251,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Data governance shall define purpose, ownership, access, retention, sharing, anonymization, deletion, and legal authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01959","ordinal":252,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safety monitoring shall not become unrestricted surveillance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01960","ordinal":253,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Where practical, data should be processed locally, minimized, filtered, or anonymized before broader use.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01961","ordinal":254,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Use of operational data for model training, commercial analytics, or unrelated research shall require separate authority from the authority to perform the robotic task.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01962","ordinal":255,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Emergency access to data shall be limited to the emergency need and subsequently reviewed.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01963","ordinal":256,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"135. Interoperability, Compatibility and Versioning","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01964","ordinal":257,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 robotic interfaces shall support multiple manufacturers, robot classes, tools, controllers, and software platforms without requiring dependence on a single vendor.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01965","ordinal":258,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Interoperability shall be based on explicit specifications for:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01966","ordinal":259,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01967","ordinal":260,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Coordinate systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01968","ordinal":261,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Message schemas.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01969","ordinal":262,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"State machines.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01970","ordinal":263,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capabilities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01971","ordinal":264,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01972","ordinal":265,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Evidence formats.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01973","ordinal":266,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authentication.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01974","ordinal":267,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Error handling.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01975","ordinal":268,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Version negotiation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01976","ordinal":269,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Compatibility shall be evaluated for the complete active configuration, not merely for individual products.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01977","ordinal":270,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Versions shall distinguish backward-compatible extensions, behavior-changing revisions, experimental functions, and incompatible changes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01978","ordinal":271,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A receiving system shall identify which functions it supports and reject unsupported mandatory behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01979","ordinal":272,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Adapters may provide compatibility when their translation limits, safety effects, and evidence behavior are defined and certified where required.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01980","ordinal":273,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Silent fallback to an older, less safe, or semantically different behavior shall be prohibited.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01981","ordinal":274,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"136. Robotics SDK, APIs and Package Architecture","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01982","ordinal":275,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall provide governed SDKs, APIs, schemas, reference packages, and development tools that enable independent creation of compatible robotic solutions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01983","ordinal":276,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The Robotics SDK may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01984","ordinal":277,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Identity and authentication libraries.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01985","ordinal":278,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Interface Protocol schemas.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01986","ordinal":279,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capability Manifest 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publisher.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01998","ordinal":291,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Version.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-01999","ordinal":292,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dependencies.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02000","ordinal":293,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Supported platforms.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02001","ordinal":294,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required permissions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02002","ordinal":295,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Compatibility profiles.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02003","ordinal":296,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety 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every physical application.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02009","ordinal":302,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"SDK evolution shall preserve stable interfaces wherever practical and provide explicit migration paths when change is necessary.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02010","ordinal":303,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The objective of the Robotics SDK shall be to create an open development ecosystem while preserving deterministic behavior, physical safety, cybersecurity, evidence integrity, and accountable engineering authority.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-54","number":"54","title":"PART VII — Development, Testing, Certification & Governance","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-02011","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"137. Robotic System Development Lifecycle","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02012","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every System05 robotic system shall follow a controlled development lifecycle from initial need definition through retirement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02013","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The lifecycle shall include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02014","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Operational need and task definition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02015","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hazard and consequence classification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02016","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Requirements and authority definition.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02017","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Architecture and Interface design.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02018","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Simulation and feasibility assessment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02019","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hardware and software development.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02020","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verification and validation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02021","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Prototype and field testing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02022","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Conformance assessment and certification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02023","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Deployment authorization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02024","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Operational monitoring.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02025","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled update.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02026","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Incident review.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02027","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recall and retirement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02028","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Requirements shall define not only intended behavior but also prohibited actions, failure responses, evidence obligations, human roles, Operational Design Domain, and safe recovery states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02029","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Development shall maintain traceability among requirements, hazards, design decisions, software, hardware, tests, results, deviations, and approvals.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02030","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic capability shall be introduced progressively. A function demonstrated in simulation shall not automatically be authorized in a laboratory; laboratory success shall not automatically authorize field deployment; and field success in one environment shall not establish universal capability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02031","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Changes to robots, tools, payloads, controllers, AI models, maps, Interfaces, work packages, safety parameters, or operating environments shall be evaluated to determine whether earlier evidence remains valid.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02032","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unresolved high-consequence defects, incomplete safety requirements, unknown failure behavior, or insufficient verification evidence shall prevent release.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02033","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The lifecycle shall remain compatible with iterative development, but iteration shall not bypass engineering control, configuration management, independent review, or safety authorization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02034","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"138. Simulation, Digital Twin Testing and Virtual Commissioning","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02035","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Simulation, Digital Twin testing, and Virtual Commissioning shall be used to identify problems before physical deployment and to reduce the cost and risk of robotic experimentation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02036","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Simulation may evaluate:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02037","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot reach and accessibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02038","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Collision and clearance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02039","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grasping and component handling.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02040","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Assembly sequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02041","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary structural states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02042","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02043","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Localization and perception.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02044","ordinal":34,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human–robot interaction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02045","ordinal":35,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fleet coordination.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02046","ordinal":36,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication failure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02047","ordinal":37,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cycle time and productivity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02048","ordinal":38,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Environmental conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02049","ordinal":39,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fault and recovery behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02050","ordinal":40,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The simulation model shall identify its assumptions, fidelity, uncertainty, excluded phenomena, valid parameter ranges, and relationship to the intended physical configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02051","ordinal":41,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A development simulation, commissioning model, operational Digital Twin, and authoritative Building BIOS record shall not be treated as interchangeable. Each shall have a defined role and level of trust.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02052","ordinal":42,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Virtual Commissioning shall test command sequences, PLC logic, state transitions, interlocks, work packages, alarms, fault responses, and human interfaces before connection to operational equipment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02053","ordinal":43,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Simulation shall include normal conditions, boundary conditions, foreseeable misuse, component variation, sensor uncertainty, timing variation, communication delay, and representative failure combinations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02054","ordinal":44,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A successful simulation shall demonstrate consistency with the model; it shall not prove that the physical system will behave identically. Safety-critical conclusions shall be confirmed through appropriate physical testing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02055","ordinal":45,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Differences between simulated and observed physical behavior shall be recorded and used to improve models, uncertainty limits, and future tests.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02056","ordinal":46,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"139. Hardware-in-the-Loop, Laboratory and Prototype Testing","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02057","ordinal":47,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall use Hardware-in-the-Loop, laboratory, and prototype testing to evaluate interactions that cannot be trusted through software simulation alone.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02058","ordinal":48,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hardware-in-the-Loop testing may connect real controllers, sensors, tools, drives, safety devices, PLCs, or communication equipment to simulated robots, structures, environments, and faults.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02059","ordinal":49,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Laboratory testing shall provide controlled evaluation of:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02060","ordinal":50,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Interface engagement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02061","ordinal":51,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alignment and insertion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02062","ordinal":52,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Force and torque response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02063","ordinal":53,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Gripping and load retention.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02064","ordinal":54,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stopping behavior.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02065","ordinal":55,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool attachment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02066","ordinal":56,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sensor performance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02067","ordinal":57,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication loss.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02068","ordinal":58,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Power loss.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02069","ordinal":59,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cybersecurity controls.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02070","ordinal":60,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Degraded modes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02071","ordinal":61,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02072","ordinal":62,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Repeated operation and wear.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02073","ordinal":63,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Prototype testing shall use representative materials, tolerances, surface conditions, component masses, payload centers of gravity, fasteners, contamination, and assembly variations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02074","ordinal":64,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Test equipment, instruments, fixtures, reference standards, and measurement uncertainty shall be documented and calibrated where required.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02075","ordinal":65,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safety-related testing shall not create uncontrolled hazards. Physical limits, containment, exclusion zones, emergency controls, and test-abort criteria shall be established before execution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02076","ordinal":66,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Failures shall be preserved as engineering evidence. A failed test shall not be removed from the record merely because a later design revision passes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02077","ordinal":67,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A prototype shall be clearly identified as experimental and shall not enter ordinary construction service unless the applicable release, inspection, and certification requirements have been satisfied.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02078","ordinal":68,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"140. Pilot and Field Testing","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02079","ordinal":69,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Pilot and field testing shall validate robotic behavior under representative operational conditions while maintaining bounded scope and controlled consequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02080","ordinal":70,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A field pilot shall define:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02081","ordinal":71,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Pilot objective.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02082","ordinal":72,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Site and work-zone boundaries.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02083","ordinal":73,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot, tool, and component configurations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02084","ordinal":74,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Authorized task classes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02085","ordinal":75,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Operational Design Domain.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02086","ordinal":76,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human supervision.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02087","ordinal":77,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety controls.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02088","ordinal":78,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Success and failure criteria.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02089","ordinal":79,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Data and evidence requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02090","ordinal":80,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stop and escalation conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02091","ordinal":81,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Restoration and site-exit procedures.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02092","ordinal":82,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Initial pilots should favor controlled, repeatable, reversible, and observable tasks. High-consequence structural release, utility energization, unrestricted occupied-building operation, and unsupervised autonomy should not be used as initial demonstrations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02093","ordinal":83,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Field testing shall account for real-world variation, including lighting, dust, weather, surface conditions, worker behavior, component variation, communication instability, layout deviations, and unexpected obstacles.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02094","ordinal":84,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Pilot personnel shall understand that a prototype may behave differently from a released product. Production pressure shall not override pilot limitations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02095","ordinal":85,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every abnormal event, manual intervention, near miss, unexpected resistance, state conflict, aborted task, and deviation from the work package shall be recorded.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02096","ordinal":86,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Completion of a pilot shall not automatically authorize wider deployment. Expansion to new tasks, sites, payloads, tools, or autonomy levels shall require review of the accumulated evidence and remaining uncertainty.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02097","ordinal":87,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"141. Reference Scenarios and Test Cases","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02098","ordinal":88,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall maintain governed Reference Scenarios and Test Cases for evaluating robotic compatibility, performance, safety, and interoperability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02099","ordinal":89,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reference scenarios may cover:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02100","ordinal":90,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Component identification and pickup.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02101","ordinal":91,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Node and Cartridge approach.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02102","ordinal":92,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alignment and capture.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02103","ordinal":93,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Connection and locking.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02104","ordinal":94,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fastening and torque control.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02105","ordinal":95,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical verification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02106","ordinal":96,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection and evidence collection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02107","ordinal":97,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool exchange.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02108","ordinal":98,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload transfer.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02109","ordinal":99,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Temporary support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02110","ordinal":100,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human entry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02111","ordinal":101,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication or power loss.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02112","ordinal":102,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recovery and restart.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02113","ordinal":103,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled disassembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02114","ordinal":104,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Occupied-building service.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02115","ordinal":105,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Each test case shall define initial state, required configuration, inputs, environmental conditions, permitted actions, expected outputs, pass criteria, prohibited outcomes, evidence requirements, and cleanup state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02116","ordinal":106,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Test sets shall include positive cases, negative cases, boundary cases, malformed inputs, conflicting identities, invalid state transitions, stale commands, failed sensors, and foreseeable misuse.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02117","ordinal":107,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Reference scenarios shall be version-controlled. Results obtained under one version shall remain traceable and shall not automatically satisfy materially changed requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02118","ordinal":108,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Manufacturers may use private tests in addition to System05 reference tests, but private testing shall not replace required common conformance cases.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02119","ordinal":109,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A system trained directly against published tests shall also be evaluated against controlled, previously unseen scenarios to reduce test-specific optimization and concealed brittleness.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02120","ordinal":110,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"142. Performance, Precision and Repeatability","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02121","ordinal":111,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic performance shall be evaluated through measurable criteria related to the intended engineering task.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02122","ordinal":112,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Metrics may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02123","ordinal":113,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Positional and angular accuracy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02124","ordinal":114,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Repeatability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02125","ordinal":115,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Resolution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02126","ordinal":116,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alignment success.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02127","ordinal":117,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Force and torque accuracy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02128","ordinal":118,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grasp success.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02129","ordinal":119,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Connection completion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02130","ordinal":120,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection sensitivity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02131","ordinal":121,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"False-positive and false-negative rates.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02132","ordinal":122,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cycle time.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02133","ordinal":123,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Energy consumption.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02134","ordinal":124,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Payload capacity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02135","ordinal":125,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recovery time.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02136","ordinal":126,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Evidence completeness.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02137","ordinal":127,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Accuracy and repeatability shall remain distinct. A robot may repeatedly reach the wrong position, or reach the correct average position with unacceptable variation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02138","ordinal":128,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Performance testing shall represent relevant payloads, reach positions, speeds, tools, component tolerances, surface conditions, environmental conditions, and equipment wear.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02139","ordinal":129,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Nominal manufacturer specifications shall not substitute for validation of the integrated robot–tool–component–Interface configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02140","ordinal":130,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Precision requirements shall derive from the engineering function. The robot shall not be required to achieve unnecessarily restrictive precision when the Interface can safely accommodate variation through lead-in geometry, compliance, capture, or self-alignment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02141","ordinal":131,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where performance approaches an acceptance boundary, measurement uncertainty shall be included in the decision.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02142","ordinal":132,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Performance deterioration shall be detectable through calibration checks, process monitoring, inspection results, and maintenance records. Continued operation shall not be justified solely by historical success.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02143","ordinal":133,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"143. Reliability and Availability","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02144","ordinal":134,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic reliability and availability shall be engineered according to task consequence, operational environment, maintenance capability, and required continuity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02145","ordinal":135,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Assessment may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02146","ordinal":136,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Probability of task completion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02147","ordinal":137,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Failure frequency.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02148","ordinal":138,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mission reliability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02149","ordinal":139,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mean time between failures.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02150","ordinal":140,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mean time to repair.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02151","ordinal":141,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Diagnostic coverage.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02152","ordinal":142,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Spare-part availability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02153","ordinal":143,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recovery success.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02154","ordinal":144,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Planned and unplanned downtime.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02155","ordinal":145,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool and consumable life.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02156","ordinal":146,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication and service availability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02157","ordinal":147,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Reliability testing shall include representative duty cycles, repeated loading, environmental exposure, tool changes, calibration drift, contamination, battery degradation, cable or hose wear, and software restart.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02158","ordinal":148,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A highly available system shall not be assumed safe. Availability measures continuity of service; safety governs whether continued service is acceptable.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02159","ordinal":149,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"System architecture should prevent individual noncritical failures from unnecessarily stopping an entire site while ensuring that consequential failures produce an appropriately conservative response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02160","ordinal":150,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Maintenance and replacement strategies shall consider modular robots, replaceable tools, swappable controllers, recoverable software, local spare parts, and regional service capability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02161","ordinal":151,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Reliability claims shall specify the configuration, environment, task, observation period, and statistical confidence to which they apply.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02162","ordinal":152,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Recurring failures, even when individually recoverable, shall trigger engineering review when they indicate a systematic weakness or normalization of degraded operation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02163","ordinal":153,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"144. Degraded-Mode and Recovery Testing","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02164","ordinal":154,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every declared degraded mode and recovery procedure shall be tested before operational reliance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02165","ordinal":155,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Testing shall evaluate:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02166","ordinal":156,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Detection of the initiating fault.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02167","ordinal":157,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Correct identification of lost capability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02168","ordinal":158,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Transition into the degraded state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02169","ordinal":159,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Enforcement of reduced limits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02170","ordinal":160,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Continued effectiveness of remaining safeguards.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02171","ordinal":161,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human notification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02172","ordinal":162,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Time and task restrictions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02173","ordinal":163,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Prevention of unauthorized capability restoration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02174","ordinal":164,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Exit, repair, and reconciliation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02175","ordinal":165,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Degraded-mode tests shall include sensor loss, reduced localization, unavailable cloud services, partial communication failure, tool malfunction, low battery, controller restart, missing evidence, blocked access, and conflicting system state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02176","ordinal":166,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Recovery testing shall not focus only on restoring motion. It shall verify payload condition, temporary structural stability, work-zone status, tool state, component identity, calibration, authority, and the integrity of any work completed before the fault.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02177","ordinal":167,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The system shall distinguish automatic recovery, supervised recovery, maintenance intervention, and emergency response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02178","ordinal":168,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Repeated automatic retries shall be bounded. A system shall not repeatedly apply force, reissue commands, cycle mechanisms, or restart software when the underlying physical condition remains unknown.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02179","ordinal":169,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A degraded mode that cannot be tested safely or characterized adequately shall not be relied upon for operational authorization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02180","ordinal":170,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"145. Robotic Safety Verification and Validation","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02181","ordinal":171,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic Safety Verification and Validation shall demonstrate both that the system was built according to its safety requirements and that those requirements are adequate for the intended operation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02182","ordinal":172,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Verification shall ask whether the implemented system conforms to its specified architecture, limits, state machines, protective functions, and failure responses.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02183","ordinal":173,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Validation shall ask whether the complete system is acceptably safe for its intended task, users, site conditions, payloads, tools, and Operational Design Domain.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02184","ordinal":174,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The process shall include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02185","ordinal":175,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Requirements review.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02186","ordinal":176,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hazard-control traceability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02187","ordinal":177,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Analysis and simulation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02188","ordinal":178,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02189","ordinal":179,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Functional testing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02190","ordinal":180,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fault injection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02191","ordinal":181,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Stopping and holding tests.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02192","ordinal":182,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-factor evaluation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02193","ordinal":183,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical task validation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02194","ordinal":184,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Review of residual risk.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02195","ordinal":185,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Confirmation of emergency and recovery procedures.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02196","ordinal":186,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safety verification shall cover the integrated robot, mobile platform, controller, safety system, tool, payload, component, work zone, temporary structure, and relevant digital services.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02197","ordinal":187,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Independent review shall be required where consequence, uncertainty, novelty, or regulatory obligation warrants it.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02198","ordinal":188,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A safety function shall not pass merely because an alarm occurred. The required physical response, response time, stopping behavior, retained protection, and recovery state shall be demonstrated.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02199","ordinal":189,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Safety validation evidence shall remain linked to the tested configuration. Material changes shall trigger impact assessment and, where necessary, revalidation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02200","ordinal":190,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"146. Adversarial and Cybersecurity Testing","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02201","ordinal":191,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic systems shall undergo adversarial and cybersecurity testing proportional to their physical authority and potential consequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02202","ordinal":192,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Testing may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02203","ordinal":193,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unauthorized access attempts.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02204","ordinal":194,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Credential misuse.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02205","ordinal":195,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Command replay and reordering.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02206","ordinal":196,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Message alteration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02207","ordinal":197,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Malformed packages.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02208","ordinal":198,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Falsified identities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02209","ordinal":199,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Corrupted maps and coordinate frames.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02210","ordinal":200,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Sensor spoofing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02211","ordinal":201,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Denial of service.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02212","ordinal":202,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Compromised updates.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02213","ordinal":203,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Malicious dependencies.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02214","ordinal":204,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Privilege escalation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02215","ordinal":205,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Audit-log manipulation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02216","ordinal":206,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unsafe configuration substitution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02217","ordinal":207,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Testing shall evaluate whether cyber compromise can produce unsafe motion, incorrect physical work, hidden state change, falsified evidence, or unauthorized modification of the Building BIOS.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02218","ordinal":208,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Adversarial testing shall occur in controlled environments with defined authorization, containment, restoration, and emergency procedures. Testing of operational robots shall not create unacceptable risk to people, structures, utilities, or property.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02219","ordinal":209,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Red-team and penetration testing should include paths across IT networks, edge systems, controllers, tools, maintenance interfaces, supplier packages, and human approval processes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02220","ordinal":210,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"AI-enabled perception and planning systems shall be tested against ambiguity, misleading input, unfamiliar configurations, data poisoning, and attempts to induce actions outside approved scope.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02221","ordinal":211,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Discovered vulnerabilities shall be classified, corrected, retested, communicated to affected parties, and incorporated into update or recall decisions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02222","ordinal":212,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"147. Human-Factors and Usability Testing","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02223","ordinal":213,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Human-Factors and Usability Testing shall verify that people can understand, supervise, interrupt, recover, and safely interact with robotic systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02224","ordinal":214,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Testing shall include representative:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02225","ordinal":215,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Operators.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02226","ordinal":216,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Engineers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02227","ordinal":217,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Supervisors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02228","ordinal":218,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspectors.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02229","ordinal":219,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintenance personnel.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02230","ordinal":220,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"General workers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02231","ordinal":221,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Occupants.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02232","ordinal":222,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency responders.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02233","ordinal":223,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Persons with differing physical or sensory abilities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02234","ordinal":224,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Evaluation shall address mode awareness, alert comprehension, workload, fatigue, attention, trust, control placement, emergency-stop access, approval interfaces, handover, recovery instructions, and interpretation of uncertainty.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02235","ordinal":225,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The system shall be tested for mode confusion, alert flooding, misleading success indicators, excessive confirmation requests, hidden degraded states, automation bias, and delayed human response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02236","ordinal":226,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Interfaces shall not require users to infer safety-critical meaning from undocumented colors, codes, gestures, sounds, or specialist terminology.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02237","ordinal":227,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Training effectiveness shall be tested rather than assumed. Successful completion of a training module shall not alone demonstrate competence for high-consequence operation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02238","ordinal":228,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Where occupants or untrained persons may encounter robots, warnings, boundaries, and expected behavior shall be understandable without construction or robotics expertise.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02239","ordinal":229,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Usability improvements shall not remove necessary engineering information or make consequential actions appear simpler or more certain than they are.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02240","ordinal":230,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"148. Robot Conformance and Certification Levels","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02241","ordinal":231,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall establish graduated Robot Conformance and Certification Levels so that capability claims remain specific, comparable, and evidence-based.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02242","ordinal":232,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The framework may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02243","ordinal":233,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"RCL-0 — Unassessed or Experimental: No System05 conformance claim.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02244","ordinal":234,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"RCL-1 — Digital and Protocol Conformance: Identity, schemas, messages, state machines, cybersecurity basics, and API behavior verified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02245","ordinal":235,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"RCL-2 — Physical Interface and Laboratory Conformance: Physical Interfaces, tools, measurement behavior, safety functions, and controlled laboratory tasks verified.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02246","ordinal":236,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"RCL-3 — Task and ODD Qualification: Defined robotic tasks validated within a declared Operational Design Domain.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02247","ordinal":237,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"RCL-4 — Integrated Deployment Conformance: Robot, tool, work package, site profile, building configuration, and operational controls evaluated as an integrated deployment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02248","ordinal":238,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"RCL-5 — Bounded Advanced Autonomy: Higher autonomous capability validated for specifically declared tasks, conditions, authority boundaries, and supervision requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02249","ordinal":239,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The detailed level structure may evolve through governed standards, but no level shall imply unlimited capability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02250","ordinal":240,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Certification shall identify the exact robot, hardware, firmware, software, tool, payload range, task classes, Interface versions, safety profile, and Operational Design Domain covered.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02251","ordinal":241,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Product certification, operator qualification, task certification, and site deployment authorization shall remain distinct. A certified robot shall not automatically be authorized for every System05 building or task.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02252","ordinal":242,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Higher certification shall not eliminate human authority, independent inspection, local code obligations, or the need to validate the active physical configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02253","ordinal":243,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"False, expired, suspended, or misleading certification claims shall be subject to correction, quarantine, recall, or removal from the System05 ecosystem.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02254","ordinal":244,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"149. Third-Party Deployment, Update, Recall and Retirement","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02255","ordinal":245,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Third-party manufacturers and service providers may develop and deploy System05-compatible robotic products when they comply with applicable Interface, safety, cybersecurity, evidence, and governance requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02256","ordinal":246,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Every deployment package shall identify:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02257","ordinal":247,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Responsible organization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02258","ordinal":248,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Supported products and versions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02259","ordinal":249,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Certified capabilities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02260","ordinal":250,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required infrastructure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02261","ordinal":251,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Operational Design Domain.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02262","ordinal":252,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Installation and commissioning procedures.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02263","ordinal":253,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Training requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02264","ordinal":254,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintenance and support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02265","ordinal":255,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Known limitations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02266","ordinal":256,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Update policy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02267","ordinal":257,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Incident-reporting channel.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02268","ordinal":258,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"End-of-support conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02269","ordinal":259,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Third-party updates shall remain subject to configuration control, compatibility assessment, testing, approval, and rollback planning.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02270","ordinal":260,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Recall procedures shall support rapid identification of affected robots, tools, software, components, sites, tasks, and evidence records. Recall scope shall be based on actual configuration and exposure rather than product name alone.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02271","ordinal":261,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A recall may require suspension of capability, software removal, physical inspection, replacement, revalidation, or temporary operational restrictions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02272","ordinal":262,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Retirement shall include safe removal from service, revocation of credentials and permissions, preservation of required records, handling of stored data, disposal or reuse of components, and updating of relevant registries.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02273","ordinal":263,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Unsupported or retired systems shall not continue consequential operation merely because they remain physically functional.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02274","ordinal":264,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"150. Robotic Governance and Incident Learning","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02275","ordinal":265,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall maintain governance structures for robotic rules, certification, deployment, incident response, and continuous improvement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02276","ordinal":266,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Governance shall define authority for:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02277","ordinal":267,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Standards and protocol changes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02278","ordinal":268,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02279","ordinal":269,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Certification criteria.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02280","ordinal":270,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approved profiles.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02281","ordinal":271,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Vulnerability response.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02282","ordinal":272,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Incident classification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02283","ordinal":273,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Emergency restrictions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02284","ordinal":274,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Recalls.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02285","ordinal":275,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Appeals and dispute resolution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02286","ordinal":276,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Publication of lessons learned.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02287","ordinal":277,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Reportable events should include injuries, near misses, dropped loads, unexpected motion, structural damage, utility release, cybersecurity compromise, repeated recovery, unauthorized access, falsified evidence, and significant divergence between digital and physical state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02288","ordinal":278,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Incident investigation shall examine technical, organizational, procedural, human-factor, environmental, supply-chain, and governance causes. It shall not stop at identifying the last person or component involved.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02289","ordinal":279,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Relevant evidence shall be preserved, including logs, configuration, software versions, work packages, sensor records, physical observations, approvals, training, and site conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02290","ordinal":280,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Lessons learned should be shared across the ecosystem in an appropriately protected or anonymized form. Confidentiality shall not be used to conceal systemic safety risks.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02291","ordinal":281,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Emergency restrictions may be issued when credible danger exists, but temporary emergency rules shall later receive formal review.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02292","ordinal":282,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Successful past operation shall not be used to dismiss new evidence of risk. System05 governance shall evolve through documented evidence while preserving its constitutional principles.","humanReviewRequired":true}]},{"id":"section-55","number":"55","title":"PART VIII — Implementation, Adoption & Evolution","blocks":[{"id":"vol-10-p-02293","ordinal":1,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"151. Initial Robotics Implementation Profile","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02294","ordinal":2,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Initial Robotics Implementation Profile shall establish a realistic first stage for System05 without requiring complete autonomous construction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02295","ordinal":3,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The initial profile shall prioritize:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02296","ordinal":4,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot-ready Nodes, Cartridges, Interfaces, and components.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02297","ordinal":5,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Machine-readable identities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02298","ordinal":6,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Defined grasping, lifting, alignment, and tool-access features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02299","ordinal":7,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Structured work packages.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02300","ordinal":8,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human-controlled engineering approval.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02301","ordinal":9,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Off-site automation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02302","ordinal":10,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled laboratory and pilot deployment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02303","ordinal":11,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic inspection and evidence collection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02304","ordinal":12,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manual assembly and recovery capability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02305","ordinal":13,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Open Interfaces that support future robots.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02306","ordinal":14,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"During the initial stage, System05 shall not depend on a fully independent AI agent for design-to-construction execution. Engineers and authorized humans shall remain responsible for design decisions, work-package approval, safety, inspection, and acceptance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02307","ordinal":15,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"AI may assist with analysis, planning, simulation, compatibility checking, documentation, and operational support without possessing unrestricted engineering authority.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02308","ordinal":16,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A dedicated building agent may be introduced during the operational lifecycle for monitoring, maintenance coordination, energy management, occupant services, and Digital Twin synchronization, subject to explicit permissions and privacy controls.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02309","ordinal":17,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"More independent design and construction agents may be introduced later when robotic infrastructure, evidence, governance, and certification are sufficiently mature. Their future possibility shall influence current Interface and information architecture without becoming an initial deployment dependency.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02310","ordinal":18,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The initial profile shall prove the System05 architecture through bounded, valuable capabilities rather than attempting to automate every construction task simultaneously.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02311","ordinal":19,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"152. Minimum Viable Robot-Ready Building","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02312","ordinal":20,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A Minimum Viable Robot-Ready Building, or MVRB, shall provide the essential physical and digital conditions for future robotic work even when no construction robot is permanently assigned to the building.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02313","ordinal":21,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"The MVRB should include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02314","ordinal":22,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Identifiable Nodes, Cartridges, Interfaces, and critical components.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02315","ordinal":23,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Accessible connection and inspection locations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02316","ordinal":24,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Defined coordinate references.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02317","ordinal":25,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Predictable approach and tool-clearance zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02318","ordinal":26,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot-compatible alignment and capture features.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02319","ordinal":27,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Declared tolerances.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02320","ordinal":28,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Structured assembly and disassembly sequences.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02321","ordinal":29,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building BIOS configuration records.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02322","ordinal":30,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"A synchronized Digital Twin appropriate to the implementation level.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02323","ordinal":31,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manual fallback and human service access.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02324","ordinal":32,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Provisions for future sensor and robotic upgrades.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02325","ordinal":33,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robot-ready shall not mean that every component must contain electronics, sensors, motors, or network connectivity. Intelligence shall be added where it creates justified engineering or lifecycle value.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02326","ordinal":34,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The building shall remain safe, usable, maintainable, and code-compliant without reliance on future robots.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02327","ordinal":35,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robot readiness shall be achieved principally through geometry, Interfaces, identity, access, state definition, evidence, and replaceability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02328","ordinal":36,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Critical hidden conditions that future robots must understand should be represented through reliable records, accessible inspection, physical markers, or qualified sensing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02329","ordinal":37,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The MVRB shall provide a practical bridge between present-day human construction and future robotic manufacturing, assembly, inspection, maintenance, and deconstruction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02330","ordinal":38,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"153. Minimum Viable Robotic Pilot","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02331","ordinal":39,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Minimum Viable Robotic Pilot shall demonstrate one coherent end-to-end System05 robotic workflow within a bounded and controlled environment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02332","ordinal":40,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"The pilot should include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02333","ordinal":41,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reading component and work-package identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02334","ordinal":42,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Verifying robot and tool compatibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02335","ordinal":43,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Locating a known component or test assembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02336","ordinal":44,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Approaching within a defined coordinate system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02337","ordinal":45,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Grasping or engaging a designed handling feature.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02338","ordinal":46,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Performing alignment or insertion.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02339","ordinal":47,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Monitoring force, position, and state.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02340","ordinal":48,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Completing a reversible or low-consequence connection task.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02341","ordinal":49,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Collecting execution evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02342","ordinal":50,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Updating the Digital Twin and approved BIOS records.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02343","ordinal":51,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Demonstrating safe stop and supervised recovery.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02344","ordinal":52,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"The first pilot should use representative Node and Cartridge geometry while avoiding unnecessary structural, utility, occupancy, and weather hazards.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02345","ordinal":53,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Human approval shall be required before consequential motion, final connection acceptance, or changes to protected configuration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02346","ordinal":54,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Pilot success shall require more than a completed motion. It shall demonstrate correct identity, authority, state transitions, physical outcome, evidence, fault response, and digital reconciliation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02347","ordinal":55,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"At least one intentionally introduced fault or invalid precondition should be used to confirm that the system refuses unsafe or incompatible execution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02348","ordinal":56,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The pilot shall produce reusable test fixtures, reference scenarios, datasets, Interface definitions, and lessons for the next implementation stage.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02349","ordinal":57,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"154. Explicitly Deferred Robotic Capabilities","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02350","ordinal":58,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall explicitly identify robotic capabilities that are intentionally deferred beyond the initial implementation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02351","ordinal":59,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Deferred capabilities may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02352","ordinal":60,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fully autonomous building design and approval.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02353","ordinal":61,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unsupervised structural construction in uncontrolled environments.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02354","ordinal":62,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unlimited general-purpose construction robots.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02355","ordinal":63,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Autonomous interpretation and override of building codes.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02356","ordinal":64,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic self-certification.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02357","ordinal":65,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Independent acceptance of safety-critical deviations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02358","ordinal":66,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unrestricted multi-robot swarms.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02359","ordinal":67,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Autonomous utility energization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02360","ordinal":68,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Unsupervised work in occupied buildings.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02361","ordinal":69,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Independent modification of protected Building BIOS configurations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02362","ordinal":70,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Self-expansion of permissions or Operational Design Domain.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02363","ordinal":71,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Large-scale robotic deconstruction without qualified assessment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02364","ordinal":72,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Learning systems that change safety behavior during active deployment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02365","ordinal":73,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Deferral shall not mean that the architecture ignores these capabilities. Interfaces, data structures, identities, authority boundaries, and lifecycle records should avoid unnecessarily preventing their safe future development.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02366","ordinal":74,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"No deferred capability shall be marketed as operational merely because a partial laboratory demonstration exists.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02367","ordinal":75,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Movement of a capability from deferred to active status shall require defined requirements, risk analysis, verification, certification, governance, and evidence appropriate to its consequence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02368","ordinal":76,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"This approach shall preserve long-term ambition while preventing speculative autonomy from becoming an immediate dependency or uncontrolled risk.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02369","ordinal":77,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"155. System05 Node Prototype Validation","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02370","ordinal":78,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The initial System05 Node prototype shall serve as a concentrated validation platform for the core structural, Interface, digital, manufacturing, inspection, and robotic principles of the system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02371","ordinal":79,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"The prototype program should evaluate:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02372","ordinal":80,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Load transfer through Member → Cartridge → Node.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02373","ordinal":81,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Multi-directional connection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02374","ordinal":82,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Alignment and capture.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02375","ordinal":83,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Replaceable locking or energy-dissipation elements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02376","ordinal":84,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tolerance accommodation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02377","ordinal":85,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Manual and robotic assembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02378","ordinal":86,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tool access.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02379","ordinal":87,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Inspection access.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02380","ordinal":88,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Digital identity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02381","ordinal":89,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Cartridge compatibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02382","ordinal":90,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Fire and moisture protection concepts.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02383","ordinal":91,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Damage visibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02384","ordinal":92,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled disassembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02385","ordinal":93,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Future upgrade capability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02386","ordinal":94,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"The Node should support testing with readily available regional members, including conventional lumber or other common construction materials, through appropriate Cartridges or adapters.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02387","ordinal":95,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The prototype shall also evaluate the centralized smart-module principle. Sensors and signal paths may collect condition information from multiple Node regions and connections while transmitting that information to a removable, serviceable, and upgradeable module.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02388","ordinal":96,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The first prototype need not represent the final production geometry. It shall be an engineering learning platform linked to explicit hypotheses, tests, measurements, and acceptance criteria.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02389","ordinal":97,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Prototype results shall inform the Node specification, Cartridge envelope, Interface Protocol, tolerance classes, robotic work packages, and certification tests.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02390","ordinal":98,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Node shall not be optimized only for a successful demonstration. Failure modes, misuse, wear, contamination, incorrect assembly, and repairability shall be deliberately investigated.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02391","ordinal":99,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"156. Off-Site-First and Controlled On-Site Deployment Roadmap","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02392","ordinal":100,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall prioritize off-site robotic implementation before broad deployment in uncontrolled construction environments.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02393","ordinal":101,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Off-site environments provide greater control over:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02394","ordinal":102,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Geometry and layout.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02395","ordinal":103,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lighting.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02396","ordinal":104,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Weather.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02397","ordinal":105,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Material flow.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02398","ordinal":106,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Work zones.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02399","ordinal":107,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Equipment maintenance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02400","ordinal":108,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Communication.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02401","ordinal":109,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Calibration.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02402","ordinal":110,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety barriers.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02403","ordinal":111,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Quality inspection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02404","ordinal":112,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Repeatability.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02405","ordinal":113,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The roadmap may progress through:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02406","ordinal":114,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Digital simulation and virtual commissioning.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02407","ordinal":115,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Bench and fixture testing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02408","ordinal":116,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robot-assisted component manufacturing.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02409","ordinal":117,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled Node and Cartridge assembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02410","ordinal":118,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Off-site subassembly and panel production.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02411","ordinal":119,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic inspection and evidence collection.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02412","ordinal":120,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled outdoor test-site installation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02413","ordinal":121,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Supervised low-complexity field tasks.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02414","ordinal":122,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Multi-task and multi-robot coordination.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02415","ordinal":123,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Broader on-site deployment within certified profiles.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02416","ordinal":124,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Early on-site robotics should focus on bounded tasks such as scanning, layout verification, material identification, inspection, measurement, lifting assistance, and controlled alignment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02417","ordinal":125,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Each stage shall establish entry criteria, exit criteria, evidence requirements, and conditions for regression to an earlier stage.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02418","ordinal":126,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Off-site-first does not mean permanent avoidance of field robotics. It provides a controlled path for developing the reliability, safety, economic value, and workforce confidence necessary for responsible on-site adoption.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02419","ordinal":127,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"157. Legacy and Hybrid Robotic Adoption","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02420","ordinal":128,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall support robotic adoption in legacy buildings and hybrid construction systems without falsely assuming that existing conditions satisfy System05 requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02421","ordinal":129,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"A legacy or hybrid deployment shall identify:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02422","ordinal":130,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Existing structure and materials.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02423","ordinal":131,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Available drawings and records.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02424","ordinal":132,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hidden conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02425","ordinal":133,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Dimensional variation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02426","ordinal":134,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utilities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02427","ordinal":135,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Previous repairs and alterations.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02428","ordinal":136,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Access constraints.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02429","ordinal":137,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Occupancy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02430","ordinal":138,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hazardous materials.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02431","ordinal":139,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Suitable robotic tasks.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02432","ordinal":140,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Required adapters and temporary infrastructure.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02433","ordinal":141,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic systems may use scanning, markers, local reference frames, temporary fixtures, adapters, and validated conversion models to work with non-System05 geometry.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02434","ordinal":142,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Uncertainty in legacy conditions shall remain explicit. A Digital Twin generated from scanning shall not automatically establish structural capacity, material condition, utility identity, or code compliance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02435","ordinal":143,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Hybrid adoption may combine conventional members, System05 Nodes or Cartridges, human installation, robotic inspection, and later robotic maintenance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02436","ordinal":144,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"Retrofit products should create stable identities, accessible Interfaces, and documented transition boundaries between legacy and System05 elements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02437","ordinal":145,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robots shall not treat undocumented existing construction as equivalent to a certified System05 assembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02438","ordinal":146,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Legacy compatibility shall expand practical adoption while preserving the distinction between verified System05 state and estimated external conditions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02439","ordinal":147,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"158. Affordability, Regional Adaptation and Workforce Transition","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02440","ordinal":148,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robotic implementation shall support the System05 mission of safe and affordable construction rather than adding technology without proportional value.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02441","ordinal":149,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Economic evaluation shall consider:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02442","ordinal":150,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Capital cost.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02443","ordinal":151,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Utilization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02444","ordinal":152,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Maintenance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02445","ordinal":153,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Training.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02446","ordinal":154,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Energy.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02447","ordinal":155,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Tooling.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02448","ordinal":156,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Software and connectivity.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02449","ordinal":157,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Downtime.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02450","ordinal":158,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Local support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02451","ordinal":159,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Quality improvement.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02452","ordinal":160,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Material savings.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02453","ordinal":161,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reduced rework.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02454","ordinal":162,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety benefits.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02455","ordinal":163,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Lifecycle value.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02456","ordinal":164,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall not require expensive robotics where a simple fixture, passive Interface, manual tool, or human process provides a better result.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02457","ordinal":165,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Regional profiles may adapt robotic deployment to local materials, climates, regulations, labor conditions, manufacturing capability, infrastructure, and economic scale while preserving global Interface compatibility.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02458","ordinal":166,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Shared robots, mobile service units, regional fabrication centers, leasing, and robotics-as-a-service may reduce entry barriers for smaller manufacturers and communities.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02459","ordinal":167,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Workforce transition shall emphasize augmentation, safety, skill development, and creation of new roles in robotic operation, maintenance, inspection, programming, manufacturing, and digital building management.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02460","ordinal":168,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Workers affected by automation should receive meaningful access to training and transition pathways. Safety shall not depend on replacing experienced workers before robotic systems can reliably perform their functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02461","ordinal":169,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Affordability claims shall be measured across the complete building lifecycle and shall not be based solely on reduced direct labor during one construction stage.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02462","ordinal":170,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"159. Future Robotics Research and Evolution","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02463","ordinal":171,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"System05 shall maintain a governed research program for robotic capabilities that are not yet sufficiently mature for general implementation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02464","ordinal":172,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Research areas may include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02465","ordinal":173,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Autonomous structural assembly.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02466","ordinal":174,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Multi-robot cooperation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02467","ordinal":175,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Adaptive gripping.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02468","ordinal":176,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Mobile manipulation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02469","ordinal":177,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic inspection and nondestructive evaluation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02470","ordinal":178,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Reconfigurable tools.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02471","ordinal":179,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Self-aligning Interfaces.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02472","ordinal":180,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Automated temporary support.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02473","ordinal":181,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Robotic utility installation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02474","ordinal":182,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Occupied-building service robotics.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02475","ordinal":183,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Controlled deconstruction.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02476","ordinal":184,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Material recovery and reuse.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02477","ordinal":185,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Human–robot team intelligence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02478","ordinal":186,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"AI-assisted work-package generation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02479","ordinal":187,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Advanced building agents.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02480","ordinal":188,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Long-duration autonomous maintenance.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02481","ordinal":189,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Regional low-cost robotics.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02482","ordinal":190,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Research systems shall remain distinguishable from certified operational systems.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02483","ordinal":191,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Experimental AI may propose designs, sequences, tools, or recovery strategies, but consequential outputs shall remain subject to simulation, engineering review, testing, and authorization.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02484","ordinal":192,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"recommendation","text":"System05 should support shared research datasets, reference fixtures, open Interface specifications, reproducible tests, and cross-disciplinary collaboration while protecting privacy, security, and legitimate intellectual property.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02485","ordinal":193,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Research results shall be evaluated for safety, affordability, maintainability, regional usefulness, environmental impact, and compatibility with System05 constitutional principles.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02486","ordinal":194,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Future evolution shall be evidence-driven. Novelty, investment, or technical sophistication alone shall not justify adoption.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02487","ordinal":195,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"160. Final System05 Robotics Architecture Model","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02488","ordinal":196,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Final System05 Robotics Architecture Model shall integrate physical design, digital control, human authority, safety, evidence, and lifecycle governance into one coherent system.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02489","ordinal":197,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The model shall include:","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02490","ordinal":198,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Physical Layer: Nodes, Cartridges, Interfaces, members, components, tools, robots, work zones, and temporary supports.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02491","ordinal":199,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Identity and State Layer: Unique identities, configuration, connection states, inspection states, authority, and lifecycle history.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02492","ordinal":200,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Engineering Definition Layer: BDL documents, Engineering Profiles, Interface specifications, tolerances, and work requirements.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02493","ordinal":201,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Compilation and Planning Layer: Engineering Compiler, compatibility checking, simulation, task decomposition, and work-package generation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02494","ordinal":202,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Execution Layer: Robot controllers, PLCs, tools, edge systems, fleet coordination, and human-operated equipment.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02495","ordinal":203,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Safety and Authority Layer: Operational Design Domain, safety envelope, permissions, protective controls, human approval, and emergency functions.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02496","ordinal":204,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Evidence Layer: Measurements, observations, logs, inspection results, acceptance records, and state reconciliation.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02497","ordinal":205,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Building Intelligence Layer: Building BIOS, Digital Twin, operational agents, monitoring, maintenance, and lifecycle management.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02498","ordinal":206,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"Governance Layer: Standards, certification, cybersecurity, incident learning, updates, recalls, and evolution.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02499","ordinal":207,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The Building BIOS shall remain the authoritative record of approved building configuration and governed lifecycle state. The Digital Twin shall represent and synchronize relevant physical and operational conditions without silently replacing authoritative approval.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02500","ordinal":208,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Robots shall execute bounded work packages rather than possess unrestricted engineering authority. AI may assist at every layer but shall not approve its own consequential output or conceal uncertainty.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02501","ordinal":209,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"Physical completion, digital reporting, engineering verification, and final acceptance shall remain distinguishable states.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02502","ordinal":210,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"requirement","text":"The System05 building shall be robot-ready from the beginning, even when early construction remains primarily human-led. Robotics shall enter progressively through controlled off-site processes, prototypes, pilots, certification, and field evidence.","humanReviewRequired":true},{"id":"vol-10-p-02503","ordinal":211,"sourceKind":"paragraph","semanticType":"narrative","text":"The final objective is not a single universal construction robot. It is an open engineering architecture in which humans, robots, tools, manufacturers, software systems, and regional building methods can cooperate safely through standardized Interfaces, explicit authority, verifiable physical states, and lifecycle traceability.","humanReviewRequired":true}]}]}}